Chapter 15.4, Problem 1LO

Summary Introduction

To differentiate: The promoters for the three eukaryotic polymerases.

Introduction: To convert genotype to phenotype, the conversion of information saved in the DNA to proteins is required. The central dogma describes the flow of information in one direction (DNA to RNA, and RNA to proteins). The DNA strand is composed of pyrimidines (cytosine, C, or thymine, T) and purines (guanine, G, or adenine, A). Thymine pairs with adenine through two hydrogen bonds and forms the A-T base-pair. Cytosine pairs with guanine through three hydrogen bonds and forms the G-C base-pair. In the RNA sequence, one of the pyrimidines called thymine is replaced by uracil U.