(a) Interpretation : The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when neither AMP nor ATP is present should be estimated from figure 15.15. Introduction: Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Question

Pyruvate is accepted into the TCA cycle by a “feeder” reaction using the pyruvatedehydrogenase complex, resulting in acetyl-CoA and CO2. Provide a full mechanismfor this reaction utilizing the TPP cofactor. Include the roles of all cofactors.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when neither AMP nor ATP is present should be estimated from figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when AMP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when ATP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

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Pyruvate is accepted into the TCA cycle by a “feeder” reaction using the pyruvatedehydrogenase complex, resulting in acetyl-CoA and CO2. Provide a full mechanismfor this reaction utilizing the TPP cofactor. Include the roles of all cofactors.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when neither AMP nor ATP is present should be estimated from figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when AMP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when ATP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when neither AMP nor ATP is present should be estimated from figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when AMP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when ATP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when neither AMP nor ATP is present should be estimated from figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when AMP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when ATP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

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Answer 5

Chapter 15, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when neither AMP nor ATP is present should be estimated from figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when AMP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when ATP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Answer 6

Chapter 15, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when neither AMP nor ATP is present should be estimated from figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Answer 7

Chapter 15, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when neither AMP nor ATP is present should be estimated from figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when AMP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when AMP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when ATP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation :

The relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when ATP is present should be estimated from the figure 15.15.

Introduction:

Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme which catalyzes the rate limiting step in glucogenolysis. It converts glycogen in animals into glucose-1-phosphate. ATP and glucose-6-phosphate act as allosteric inhibitors for glycogen phosphorylase because they reduce the affinity of glycogen phosphorylase for its substrate, inorganic phosphate. ATP is the end product of the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme. And glucose-1-phosphate released is readily converted into glucose-6-phosphate and participate in ATP production pathways. AMP acts as an allosteric activator for glycogen phosphorylase.

Answer 12

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Ch. 15 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 15 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 15 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 15 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 15 - Prob. 5P Ch. 15 - Prob. 6P Ch. 15 - Prob. 7P Ch. 15 - Prob. 8P Ch. 15 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...Ch. 15 - Answers to all problems are at the end of this...

Solution Summary: The author explains that the relative glycogen phosphorylase activity when neither AMP nor ATP is present should be estimated from figure 15.15.

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