Microbiology: A Systems Approach
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259706615
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 8MCQ
A vaccine that contains parts of viruses is called
- a. acellular.
- b. a recombinant.
- c. a subunit.
- d. attenuated.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Antigenic drift refers to:
A.The reassortment of genomic segments from different viruses
B.Cytotoxic T cells identifying viral infected host cells
C.The accumulation of mutations in the viral genome due to an error prone polymerase
D.Antigen presenting cells failure to recognize the influenza virus
d,e,f
Why are vaccines and/or passive immunization the method of choice in the
treatment or prevention of viral infections?
A. There are no known inhibitors to reverse transcription
B. Viruses are non-living and do not have their own genetic mechanisms to reproduce
by themselves hence host cells must rely on targeting the virus or their products.
C. Antibodies prevent replication of viral genome
D. Antibodies prevent transcription and translation of viral genomes
E. All of these
Chapter 15 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
Ch. 15.1 - Describe how the third line of defense is...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 2AYPCh. 15.1 - Discuss four major functions of immune system...Ch. 15.1 - Define the role of the major histocompatibility...Ch. 15.1 - Compare and contrast the process of antigen...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 15.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 15.2 - Outline the processes of clonal selection and...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 15.3 - Compare the terms antigen and epitope.
Ch. 15.3 - List characteristics of antigens that optimize...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 15.3 - List the types of cells that can act as...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 15.4 - Diagram the steps of B-cell activation, and list...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 15.5 - Explain the role of cytotoxic T cells in...Ch. 15.6 - Diagram an antibody binding antigen, and list the...Ch. 15.6 - List the five types of antibodies and important...Ch. 15.6 - Draw and label a graph illustrating the...Ch. 15.7 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 15.7 - Discuss the qualities of an effective vaccine.Ch. 15.7 - List several types of vaccines, and discuss how...Ch. 15.7 - Explain the principle of herd immunity and the...Ch. 15 - The primary B-cell receptor is a. IgD. b. IgA. c....Ch. 15 - In humans. B cells mature in the _________, and T...Ch. 15 - Small, simple molecules are ________ antigens. a....Ch. 15 - The cross-linkage of antigens by antibodies is...Ch. 15 - T cells assist in the functions of certain B cells...Ch. 15 - TC cells are important in controlling a. virus...Ch. 15 - Which of the following can serve as...Ch. 15 - A vaccine that contains parts of viruses is called...Ch. 15 - Conjugated vaccines combine antigens and a....Ch. 15 - Widespread immunity that protects the population...Ch. 15 - Cell surface markers are also often called...Ch. 15 - Antibodies are secreted by monocytes.Ch. 15 - Vaccination could be described as artificial...Ch. 15 - IgE antibodies are found in body secretions.Ch. 15 - Prob. 15TFCh. 15 - Explain the two main features that characterize...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2CTQCh. 15 - Prob. 3CTQCh. 15 - Provide an explanation to refute the following...Ch. 15 - a. Explain how the anamnestic response is...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1VCCh. 15 - Using the words that follow, please create a...
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- Describe each vaccine in a few sentences. Give a brief description and any major advantages and disadvantages. a. inactivated virus vaccine b. attenuated virus vaccine c. viral vector vaccine d. RNA vaccine e. DNA vaccine f. recombinant protein vaccine Describe the benefits of using bacteria, yeast, mammalian and insect cells to make recombinant protein.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true? a. conjugated vaccines are always those in which there is more than one vaccine anigen b. prevnar is conjugated vaccine c. conjugation involves ttaching a polysaccharide antigen to a carbohydrate carrier d. Conjugated vaccines tend to induce a poorer immune response than polysaccharide vaccine e. Pneumovax is a conjugated vaccine thank you!!!arrow_forwardA virus is a small collection of genetic code, either DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat. a virus cannot replicate alone and needs a host. With this, covid 19 is not likely to respond with which of the ff management: a. antibiotics b. antiviral c. vaccine d. supportive management (fluids, rest)arrow_forward
- Brefiefly summarize how each type of vaccine triggers an immune response (Remeber that the immune system responds specifically to antigens) A. Inactive whole virus b. Antigen proteins c. mRNA (genetic instructions) d. DNA (genetic instructiions)arrow_forward1.Based on the experience of the Philippines with the dengue vaccine, what can you conclude regarding the Dengvaxia Case? -arrow_forwardWhich of the following is correct regarding the vector vaccine? Select one: a. It is a vaccine which uses a non-pathogenic virus to introduce pieces of the pathogen to the host b. It is a vaccine which is made by killed pathogen c It is a vaccine which is not alive but uses cloned genes from the pathogen in a vector d. It is a vacciñe which is considered as an attenuated vaccine but carries the pathogen genes in a vector e It doesn't need cloning stepsarrow_forward
- We are confronted with a new RNA virus that uses x-proteins to attach to host cells and primarily infects liver cells. Based on this we would expect: (2 answers only) a. possible latent infections b. viral susceptibility to valacyclovir c. viral suspeptibility to RNA->RNA pol inhibitor d. symptoms of hepatitsarrow_forwardTo test what is the optimal vaccine for disease X, we vaccinated 4 people at different concentrations of killed pathogen. a. Is it an active or passive vaccine? Explain your answer. b. Which of the subjects was vaccinated with a high concentration of killed pathogen? Which of the people get a very low concentration of Killed pathogen? Explain your answer. c. If an epidemic breaks out 100 days after the first vaccination, which of the people in the figure should be vaccinated so as not to Will get sick? Which vaccine will you choose? d. Describe in words and illustration what the response of the vaccine will look like in person 1 and in person 3 following another vaccine 70 Days after the first vaccination. What feature of the immune system is expressed here? e. . Is it the innate or acquired immune system? Explain your answer. f. If an epidemic of another disease breaks out, are these people vaccinated against it? Explain your answer.What feature of the immune system is expressed here?arrow_forwardThere is interest in producing vaccines in foods. What would be the advantages of having a vaccine embedded in food?arrow_forward
- n the "Vaccine Strategies" figure, multiple vaccination options are presented. Select all options below which are options under consideration for the COVID-19 vaccine. A). Injection of a weakened virus B). Injection of an inactive virus. C). Injection of a related coronavirus. D). Injection of genetic material to produce viral proteins directly in the cell.arrow_forwardThe virulence of the live vaccines is .....the virulence of attenuated vaccines A.less than B.more than C.same as D. It depend in the role of administrationarrow_forwardWe now have at least three SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 vaccines approved by the FDA for use in the United States. These vaccines cause cells in the body to make the spike protein that is on the surface of the virus, and subsequently, stimulate an antibody response to this antigen. A. What do these antibodies do to prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2? How do they interact with the virus particles? B. Which kind of cells in the immune system are responsible for synthesizing these antibodies?arrow_forward
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