Chapter 15, Problem 55P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

For each of the following reactions, the products A, B, and C are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons, which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Ozonolysis results in the breaking of unsaturated bonds of alkene or alkyne and forms a carbonyl bond.

Hydroboration is the addition of boron–hydrogen bond to carbon–carbon or carbon–nitrogen or carbon–oxygen double bonds. It is typically an anti-Markovnikov reaction.

Oxidation of aromatic compounds with potassium permanganate gives carboxylic acid derivatives.

Treatment with lithium aluminum hydride in diethyl alcohol converts the carboxylic acid derivatives to alcohol

${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4$, a dehydrating agent, removes water from the alcohol,