Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260494570
Author: Raven, Peter
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 4U
Eukaryotic transcription differs from prokaryotic in that
a. eukaryotes have only one RNA polymerase.
b. eukaryotes have three RNA polymerases.
c. prokaryotes have three RNA polymerases.
d. Both a and c are correct.
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Which of the following is true about the three major classes of RNAs in the cell: mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs?
A. mRNAs encode polypeptide chains.
B. tRNAs are structural components of the ribosome.
C. rRNAs are adapter molecules that translate the information on an mRNA into a polypeptide sequence.
D. mRNAs can also encode tRNAs and rRNAs.
Which of the following statements about RNA processing in eukaryotes is INCORRECT?
A. The excision of introns from pre-mRNA is the only modification required to produce a mature mRNA.
B. A protein/RNA complex is used to remove introns from the pre-mRNA.
C. A poly A tail is added on to the 3′ end of the mRNA.
D. A 7-methylguanosine cap is added on to the 5′end of the mRNA.
E. Modification occurs in the nucleus.
Which of the following are steps of transcription? Select all that apply.
a.RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the noncoding strand of DNA.
b.RNA polymerase binds to a gene’s promoter.
c.RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the coding strand of DNA.
d.RNA polymerase moves over the gene and unzips the double helix to form a “transcription bubble.”
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.1 - List the roles played by RNA in gene expression.Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.2 - Describe the characteristics of the genetic code.Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.3 - Differentiate among initiation, elongation, and...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 15.4 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.4 - Explain the differences between bacterial and...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 15.6 - Explain why the tRNA charging reaction is critical...Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.7 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 15.7 - Compare translation on the RER and in the...Ch. 15.9 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.9 - Explain the nature of triplet repeat expansion.Ch. 15.9 - Prob. 3LOCh. 15 - Prob. 1DACh. 15 - Prob. 2DACh. 15 - Prob. 1IQCh. 15 - Prob. 2IQCh. 15 - Prob. 3IQCh. 15 - The experiments with nutritional mutants in...Ch. 15 - What is the central dogma of molecular biology? a....Ch. 15 - In the genetic code, one codon a. consists of...Ch. 15 - Eukaryotic transcription differs from prokaryotic...Ch. 15 - An anticodon would be found on which of the...Ch. 15 - RNA polymerase binds to a ________ to initiate...Ch. 15 - During translation, the codon in mRNA is actually...Ch. 15 - You have mutants that all affect the same...Ch. 15 - The splicing process a. occurs in prokaryotes. b....Ch. 15 - The enzyme that forms peptide bonds is called...Ch. 15 - In comparing gene expression in prokaryotes and...Ch. 15 - The codon CCA could be mutated to produce a. a...Ch. 15 - An inversion will a. necessarily cause a mutant...Ch. 15 - What is the relationship between mutations and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1SCh. 15 - Frameshift mutations often result in truncated...Ch. 15 - Describe how each of the following mutations will...Ch. 15 - There are a number of features that are unique 10...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following are steps of transcription? Select all that apply. A. RNA polymerase binds to a gene’s promoter. B. RNA polymerase moves over the gene and unzips the double helix to form a “transcription bubble.” C. RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the coding strand of DNA. D. RNA polymerase assembles a strand of mRNA complementary to the noncoding strand of DNA.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is/are TRUE for transcription? A. RNA polymerase uses one strand of DNA, the antisense strand, for RNA synthesis. B. The first ribonucleotide binds to the Pribnow region. C. RNA polymerase moves from 5’ → 3’, while the RNA polymerization is from 3’ → 5’. D. All four ribonucleoside monophosphates are required.arrow_forwardImagine that mutations occurred in one of the inverted repeat sequences within the rho-independent terminator sequence of a bacterium. What would likely be the consequence of this mutation? Select one: a. Transcription may not be initiated at all. b. Transcription may end prematurely. c. Transcription may be delayed. d. The rho protein won't be able to bind and transcription may not be terminate. e. Transcription may not be terminated and result in much longer RNA.arrow_forward
- How is translation different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? a. In prokaryotes, because they do not have a nucleus, the translation of mRNA occurs while it is being transcribed b. In prokaryotes, pre-mRNA translation before transcription occurs within the cell c.In prokaryotes, reverse trancriptase simultaneously translates and transcribes mRNAd.In prokaryotes, functional mRNA allows for translation to be skipped, and proteins are made during transcriptionarrow_forwardSelect the most complete list of correct structures involved in the process of transcription a. mRNA, amino acids, ribosomes, polypeptide chains b. DNA, mRNA, RNA polymerase, a promoter c. mRNA, polypeptide chains, RNA polymerase d. DNA, mRNA, amino acidsarrow_forwardWhat is the function of the sigma subunit of prokaryotic RNA polymerase? a. It directs the polymerase to bind a specific type of promoter sequence b. It contains the polymerase active site. c. It allows template-independent RNA synthesis d. It signals the polymerase to terminate transcription at specific sites. e. It contains the separate exonuclease site required for proofreading.arrow_forward
- A geneticist induces a mutation in eukaryote cells. The mutation results in an inability to form the poly(A) tail during processing of pre-mRNA. What does this mean for the mature mRNA and what will be the effect on these cells? Possible Answers: A. The mRNA will be spliced, but will not have a 5' cap. B. The mRNA will likely be degraded. C. The mRNA will not be cleaved. D. The mRNA will have too many Gs and Cs.arrow_forwardWhat is the name of the process that adds a modified guanosine nucleotide to the 5’ phosphates of pre-mRNAs in eukaryotes? a. splicing b. polyadenylation c. capping d. nuclear export e. photophosphorylationarrow_forwardEukaryotic mRNA is capped at the 5' end by: a. adding a poly A sequence to the 5' end. b. ligating a 7-methylguanylate via a 3’ linkage. c. methylating the base pairs near the 5’ end. d. forming a lariat structure via transesterification.arrow_forward
- What are two reasons that a eukaryotic gene (e.g. Green Fluorescent Protein in jellyfish) will not be expressed if it is inserted into a bacterial genome with no alterations? a. Bacterial genes do not contain introns b. Bacterial promoters have different consensus sequences than eukaryotic ones c. Transcription of this gene is affected by the simultaneous processes of transcription and translation d.arrow_forwardResearchers screening the blood of an advanced prostate cancer patient identified a 21 base pair long RNA molecule deemed to be potential importance as a biomarker of disease. Subsequent experiments using this molecule showed that it decreased retinoblastoma (Rb) protein levels. Based on this activity, what type of RNA is this molecule? A. Transfer RNA B. Micro RNA C. Circular RNA D. Ribosomal RNA E. Messenger RNAarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true about eukaryotic mRNA?a. The sigma factor is essential for the correct initiationof transcription.b. Processing of the nascent mRNA may begin beforeits transcription is complete.c. Processing takes place in the cytoplasm.d. Termination is accomplished by the use of a hairpinloop or the use of the rho factor.e. Many RNAs can be transcribed simultaneously fromone DNA templatearrow_forward
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