Chapter 15, Problem 4P

(a)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which ATP can be both a substrate and an inhibitor of $\text{PFK-1}$ and also the regulation of enzyme by ATP.

Introduction:

Allosteric enzymes have other binding sites for molecules beside the active site. The active site is for the binding of substrate and the allosteric sites are for the binding of inhibitors or activators.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which glycolysis is regulated by ATP levels.

Introduction:

Glycolysis is the process of a reaction where conversion of one molecule of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate occurs, such that a sequence of 10 enzyme-catalyzed reactions occurs. In this process the free energy which is conserved in the form of NADH and ATP.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The following observation, inhibition of $\text{PFK-1}$ by ATP is diminished when the ADP concentration is high.

Introduction:

The effect of the ATP on allosteric enzyme $\text{PFK-1}$ is represented in the given graph. For particular concentration level of fructose 6-phosphate, $\text{PFK-1}$ activity increases with increasing ATP concentration, but a specific point is reached further than which the increase in the concentration of ATP reduces the activity of enzyme.