Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 2RQ
A hormone molecule binds to a receptor on a cell membrane. It doesn’t enter the cell; rather, the binding activates a second messenger inside the cell that triggers an amplified response to the hormonal signal. Is the signaling molecule a steroid or a nonsteroid hormone?
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 15 - Distinguish among hormones, neurotransmitters,...Ch. 15 - A hormone molecule binds to a receptor on a cell...Ch. 15 - Which hormones produced in the posterior and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4RQCh. 15 - Give two examples of feedback control of hormone...Ch. 15 - __________ are molecules released from a signaling...Ch. 15 - Hormones are produced by ______________. a....Ch. 15 - ADH and oxytocin are hypothalamic hormones...Ch. 15 - _______ has effects on body tissues in general. a....Ch. 15 - Which of the following stimulate the secretion of...
Ch. 15 - _________lowers blood sugar levels; ____________...Ch. 15 - The pituitary detects a rising hormone...Ch. 15 - Second messengers assist _________. a. steroid...Ch. 15 - Match the hormone source with the closest...Ch. 15 - Match the endocrine control concepts.Ch. 15 - Addisons disease develops when the adrenal cortex...Ch. 15 - A physician sees a patient whose symptoms include...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3CTCh. 15 - Secretion of the hormone ADH may decrease or stop...
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- Why is the fact that a monomeric hormone binds simultaneously to two identical receptor molecules, thus promoting the formation of a dimer of the receptor, considered remarkable?arrow_forwardPlace the following steps (showing how a steroid hormone changes the activities of its target cells) in order of what happens first, second, third, fourth, and last. Refer to image. The hormone-receptor complex enters the nucleus of the cell and binds to the DNA. The steroid hormone passes through the cell membrane. The hormone attaches to a receptor in the cytoplasm, forming a hormone-receptor complex. A gene in the DNA is activated, and transcription and translation take place. Proteins that alter the cell′s activities, such as enzymes, are made. 2. Place the following steps (showing how a hydrophilic hormone changes the activities of its target cells) in order of what happens first, second, third, and last. Refer to image. The activity of the target cell is changed by the final enzyme in the cascade. The second messenger activates or deactivates certain enzymes in a cascade fashion. A second messenger is activated. Hormone binds to a receptor protein.arrow_forwardExplain how the chemical nature of the plasma membrane acts on the two chemical categories of hormones, and thus the type of response each hormone can induce in a target cell. Be sure to thoroughly describe the two types of cellular responses.arrow_forward
- Signals carried by hormones must eventually be terminated. Describe several different mechanisms for signal termination.arrow_forwardAfter reading about hormones, please write a paragraph: What could happen to hormone function if target cells receptors are structurally incorrect?arrow_forwardDescribe to me why certain hormones (lipids-based hormones) can move directly through the cell membrane in comparison to hormones (protein-based hormones) have to bind to the outside of the cell and then send secondary messengering inside in order to work? Which hormones are in each of the 2 categories? How does this affect the way we deliver/treat hormone conditions?arrow_forward
- Which of the statements is/are incorrect for hormones? 1) Hormones are non-nutrient chemicals serving as intercellular messengers. 2) Hormones are molecules of low molecular weight and are produced in traces. 3) Hormones give energy and also effect metabolism and growth activities of target cells. 4) Many hormones are produced in inactive form.arrow_forwardTrace in a stepwise manner the signaling pathway that involves a g-protein receptor leading to the release of intracellular calcium. Specify what class of hormones would be involved in this pathway.arrow_forwardWhy is it regarded extraordinary that a monomeric hormone may attach to two identical receptor molecules simultaneously, hence stimulating the creation of a dimer of the receptor?arrow_forward
- Visit this link (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/hormonebind) to watch an animation of the events thatoccur when a hormone binds to a cell membrane receptor.What is the secondary messenger made by adenylyl cyclaseduring the activation of liver cells by epinephrine?arrow_forwardHormone receptor molecules are the key to understanding specific-ity of hormone action on target cells. Describe and distinguish be-tween receptors located on the cell surface and those located in the nucleus of target cells. Name two hormones whose action is medi-ated through each type of receptor.arrow_forwardPlease identify the incorrect statement about hormone signaling: A) Cystolic receptors bind to hydophobic hormones and transport them into the nucleus where they directly influence protein synthesis. B) Hydropholic hormones cannot pass through the plasma membrane without help. Therefore, there are transport proteins that carry the hydrophillic hormones to the cytosol where it can bind its receptor C) Hydrophilic hormone signalling involves membrane receptors that have the ability to activate adenylyl cyclase, producing cAMP. cAMP then affects the activity of numerous proteins in the cytoplam. D) Hydrophobic hormones easily enter the plasma membrane. Therefore, there is no need for hydrophinic hormone receptors to be on the extracellular surface.arrow_forward
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Intro to Cell Signaling; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dbRterutHY;License: Standard youtube license