Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 1FIB
The flipper of a seal is homologous with the _____ of a bird, and both of these are homologous with the _____ of a human. The wing of a bird and the wing of a butterfly are described as _____ structures that arose as a result of _____ evolution. Remnants of structures in animals that have no use for them, such as the small hind leg bones of whales, are described as _____ structures.
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When Charles Darwin visited the Galapagos Islands, he observed the marine
iguana. He later decided that the marine iguana evolved from the terrestrial
iguana found on the mainland of South America. The marine iguana differs from
the terrestrial iguana in several ways. The marine iguana has a flat tail, long claws
and sharp teeth while the terrestrial iguana has a round tail, short claws and flat
teeth. When looking at the differences between the terrestrial and the marine
iguana, which of the following is not evidence that evolution has occurred? *
O Homologous structures shared between both iguanas
O The biogeography of the iguanas
O Comparative embryology of the iguanas
The state of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium present in both iguanas
Birds and butterflies have wings they use for flying. The wings of butterflies are made of semitransparent, tough scales. Bird wings are covered with feathers. The wings of birds and butterflies did not evolve from a common ancestor that had wings. Instead, they have evolved as a result of similar environmental pressures.
Which statement best explains the evolutionary relationship of birds and butterflies?
Bird and butterfly wings are a result of divergent evolution because birds and butterflies did not evolve from a winged common ancestor.
Bird and butterfly wings are a result of convergent evolution because birds and butterflies evolved from a winged common ancestor.
Bird and butterfly wings are analogous structures because they have similar functions, are structurally different, and are a result of convergent evolution.
Bird and butterfly wings are homologous structures because they have similar functions, are structurally the same, and are a result of divergent evolution.
Flight evolved two times among the animals in this phylogenetic tree; once in birds, and once in bats (mammals). The branches on
which flight evolved are marked. Please click where flight would have most likely evolved if it were actually a homologous
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 15.1 - identify some of the thinkers whose ideas set the...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 15.1 - define evolution?Ch. 15.2 - A recent study found that Galpagos mockingbirds on...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 2TCCh. 15.2 - explain how natural selection works and how it...Ch. 15.2 - describe the logic, based on four postulates, by...Ch. 15.3 - The fossil history of some kinds of modem...Ch. 15.3 - What Good Are Wisdom Teeth and Ostrich Wings?...Ch. 15.3 - Are a peacocks tail and a dogs tail homologous...
Ch. 15.3 - Between 70% and 85% of people will experience...Ch. 15.3 - describe the evidence that evolution has occurred?Ch. 15.3 - explain the difference between similarity due to...Ch. 15.3 - What Good Are Wisdom Teeth and Ostrich Wings? Just...Ch. 15.4 - To reduce the incidence of pesticide resistance,...Ch. 15.4 - describe some observations and experiments that...Ch. 15.4 - CONSIDER THIS Some advocates of the view that all...Ch. 15.4 - Some advocates of the view that all organisms were...Ch. 15 - Whale skeletons contain nonfunctional pelvic bones...Ch. 15 - Darwin was influenced by Malthuss thinking about...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3MCCh. 15 - Which of the following is not required for...Ch. 15 - Prob. 5MCCh. 15 - The flipper of a seal is homologous with the _____...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 15 - Georges Cuvier espoused a concept called ______ to...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 15 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 15 - Darwin's postulate 2 states that ______. The work...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1RQCh. 15 - Distinguish between catastrophism and...Ch. 15 - Describe Lamarcks theory of inheritance of...Ch. 15 - What is natural selection? Describe how natural...Ch. 15 - Describe how evolution occurs. In your...Ch. 15 - What is convergent evolution? Give an example.Ch. 15 - How do biochemistry and molecular genetics...Ch. 15 - In what sense are humans currently acting as...Ch. 15 - In discussions of untapped human potential, It is...Ch. 15 - Does evolution through natural selection produce...
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- Discuss: How old are the oldest camel fossils shown? How has the skull changed over time? How have the teeth changed over time? How have the leg bones changed over time? Table 15.1 Fossils are used by scientists to understand how camels evolved. Table 15.1 Camel Evolution Age Paleocene 65 million years ago Eocene 54 million years ago Organism Skull and teeth Limb bones Oligocene 33 million years ago Miocene 23 million years ago Presentarrow_forwardYou have found fossils of a new species of ape that walks upright. After 11 additional years in the field, you discover a fossil of what you think is the common ancestor of the new species of ape and all other gorillas. What types of data would give you the best information on the environment of this ancestral organism? anatomical features of the new species of ape fossils of plants and animals found with the fossilized common ancestor gene sequencing of the new species of ape anatomical features of the fossilized common ancestor behavior of the new species of apearrow_forwardScientists have long believed that the 14 species of finches on the Galapagos Islands evolved from a single species of finch that migrated to the islands one to five million years ago. Recent DNA analyses support the conclusion that all of the Galapagos finches evolved from the mainland warbler finch. Different species live on different islands. One of the major changes in the finches is in their beak sizes and shapes. How would an evolutionary biologist today best answer the following question? In the finch population, what are the primary changes that occur gradually over time? A. The proportions of finches having different traits within a population change. B. The traits of each finch within a population gradually change. C. Mutations occur to meet the needs of the finches as the environment changes. D. Successful behaviors learned by the finches are passed on to offspring.arrow_forward
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