Chapter 15, Problem 15E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

A concept map is to be drawn and the grams of $\text{HCl}$ gas dissolved in the solution when $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A mole is a basic unit used in the International system of units (SI). It is abbreviated as $\text{mol}$ Mole is defined that the amount of substance that contains molecules or atoms equals to $\text{12}\text{g}$ of $\text{C}-\text{12}$ molecule. The concept map of a mole is a diagram used to relate the different concepts of mole chemistry.

Answer to Problem 15E

The concept map is shown below.

The grams of $\text{HCl}$ gas dissolved in the solution when $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution is $\text{0}\text{.518}\text{g}$.

Explanation of Solution

When $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution, mole concept map looks like as shown below.

Figure 1

The molar mass of $\text{HCl}$ gas is $36.46\text{g}{\text{mol}}^{-1}$.

Therefore, the mass of $\text{1}\text{mol}$ of $\text{HCl}$ gas is $36.46\text{g}$.

The formula to calculate the mass of $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of $\text{HCl}$ gas is shown below.

$\text{Mass}= \text{0}\text{.0142}\text{mol}\text{HCl}\times \frac{\text{Mass}\text{of}\text{1}\text{mol}\text{HCl}}{\text{1}\text{mol}\text{HCl}}$

Substitute the mass of $\text{1}\text{mol}$ of $\text{HCl}$ gas in the above equation.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{Mass}& =& \text{0}\text{.0142}\text{mol}\text{HCl}\times \frac{36.46\text{g}}{\text{1}\text{mol}\text{HCl}}\\ & =& \text{0}\text{.518}\text{g}\end{array}$

Therefore, the grams of $\text{HCl}$ gas dissolved in the solution is $\text{0}\text{.518}\text{g}$.

Conclusion

The grams of $\text{HCl}$ gas is $\text{0}\text{.518}\text{g}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A concept map is to be drawn and the liters of $\text{HCl}$ gas dissolved in the solution in when $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A mole is a basic unit used in the International system of units (SI). It is abbreviated as $\text{mol}$ Mole is defined that the amount of substance that contains molecules or atoms equals to $\text{12}\text{g}$ of $\text{C}-\text{12}$ molecule. The concept map of a mole is a diagram used to relate the different concepts of mole chemistry.

Answer to Problem 15E

The concept map is shown below.

The liters of $\text{HCl}$ gas dissolved in the solution when $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution is $\text{0}\text{.318}\text{L}$.

Explanation of Solution

When $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution, mole concept map looks like as shown below.

Figure 1

The volume occupied by $\text{1}\text{mol}$ of $\text{HCl}$ gas at STP is $\text{22}\text{.4}\text{L}$.

The formula to calculate the volume occupied by $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of $\text{HCl}$ gas is shown below.

$\text{Volume}= \text{0}\text{.0142}\text{mol}\text{HCl}\times \frac{\text{Volume}\text{of}\text{1}\text{mol}\text{HCl}}{\text{1}\text{mol}\text{HCl}}$

Substitute the volume of $\text{1}\text{mol}$ of $\text{HCl}$ gas in the above equation.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{Volume}& =& \text{0}\text{.0142}\text{mol}\text{HCl}\times \frac{\text{22}\text{.4}\text{L}}{\text{1}\text{mol}\text{HCl}}\\ & =& \text{0}\text{.318}\text{L}\end{array}$

Therefore, the liters of $\text{HCl}$ gas dissolved in the solution is $\text{0}\text{.318}\text{L}$.

Conclusion

The liters of $\text{HCl}$ gas is $\text{0}\text{.318}\text{L}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

A concept map is to be drawn and the molecules of $\text{HCl}$ gas dissolved in the solution in when $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A mole is a basic unit used in the International system of units (SI). It is abbreviated as $\text{mol}$ Mole is defined that the amount of substance that contains molecules or atoms equals to $\text{12}\text{g}$ of $\text{C}-\text{12}$ molecule. The concept map of a mole is a diagram used to relate the different concepts of mole chemistry.

Answer to Problem 15E

The concept map is shown below.

The molecules of $\text{HCl}$ gas dissolved in the solution when $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution is $\text{8}\text{.55}\times {10}^{21}\text{moleules}$.

Explanation of Solution

When $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution, mole concept map looks like as shown below.

Figure 1

The molecules present in $\text{1}\text{mol}$ of $\text{HCl}$ gas at STP are $\text{6}\text{.02}\times {10}^{23}\text{moleules}$.

The formula to calculate the molecules occupied by $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of $\text{HCl}$ gas is shown below.

$\text{Number}\text{of}\text{molecules}= \text{0}\text{.0142}\text{mol}\text{HCl}\times \frac{\text{Molecules}\text{in}\text{1}\text{mol}\text{HCl}}{\text{1}\text{mol}\text{HCl}}$

Substitute the molecules in $\text{1}\text{mol}$ of $\text{HCl}$ gas in the above equation.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{Number}\text{of}\text{molecules}& =& \text{0}\text{.0142}\text{mol}\text{HCl}\times \frac{\text{6}\text{.02}\times {10}^{23}\text{moleules}}{\text{1}\text{mol}\text{HCl}}\\ & =& \text{8}\text{.55}\times {10}^{21}\text{moleules}\end{array}$

Therefore, the molecules of $\text{HCl}$ gas dissolved in the solution is $\text{8}\text{.55}\times {10}^{21}\text{moleules}$.

Conclusion

The molecules of $\text{HCl}$ gas is $\text{8}\text{.55}\times {10}^{21}\text{moleules}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

A concept map is to be drawn and the molar concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution when $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A mole is a basic unit used in the International system of units (SI). It is abbreviated as $\text{mol}$ Mole is defined that the amount of substance that contains molecules or atoms equals to $\text{12}\text{g}$ of $\text{C}-\text{12}$ molecule. The concept map of a mole is a diagram used to relate the different concepts of mole chemistry.

Answer to Problem 15E

The concept map is shown below.

The molar concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is $0.299M$.

Explanation of Solution

When $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$ of hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution, mole concept map looks like as shown below.

Figure 1

The number of moles in $\text{47}\text{.5 mL}$ of solution is $\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}$.

The formula to determine molarity is shown below.

$M=\frac{\text{n}}{\text{V}}$ …(1)

Where

• $M$ is the molarity of a solution.

• $\text{n}$ is the number of moles of solute.

• $\text{V}$ is the volume of the solution.

The relation between $\text{L}$ and $\text{mL}$ is shown below.

$\text{1}\text{L}=\text{1000}\text{mL}$

The probable unit factors are given below.

$\frac{\text{1}\text{L}}{\text{1000}\text{mL}},\frac{\text{1000}\text{mL}}{\text{1}\text{L}}$

The unit factor to determine $\text{L}$ from $\text{mL}$ is given below.

$\frac{\text{1L}}{\text{1000}\text{mL}}$

Therefore, the volume in $\text{L}$ is calculated below.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{Volume}& =& \text{47}\text{.5 mL}\times \frac{\text{1}\text{L}}{\text{1000}\text{mL}}\\ & =& 0.0475\text{L}\end{array}$

Substitute the value of number of moles and volume in equation (1).

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{Molar}\text{concentration}\text{of}\text{HCl}& =& \frac{\text{0}\text{.0142 mol}}{\text{0}.0475\text{L}}\\ & =& 0.299\text{mol}/\text{L}\end{array}$

The relation between $M$ and $\text{mol}/\text{L}$ as shown below.

$1M=1\text{mol}/\text{L}$

The unit factors are given below.

$\frac{1M}{1\text{mol}/\text{L}}\text{and}\frac{1\text{mol}/\text{L}}{1M}$

The unit factor to determine $M$ from $\text{mol}/\text{L}$ is given below.

$\frac{1M}{1\text{mol}/\text{L}}$

Therefore, $0.299\text{mol}/\text{L}$ can be written as shown below.

$\begin{array}{rll}\text{Molarity}& =& 0.299\text{mol}/\text{L}\times \frac{1M}{1\text{mol}/\text{L}}\\ & =& 0.299M\end{array}$

Therefore, the molar concentration of $\text{HCl}$ acid solution is $0.299M$.

Conclusion

The molar concentration of $\text{HCl}$ acid solution is $0.299M$.