The product of reaction between hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined. Concept Introduction: In Bronsted–Lowry theory, acid is defined as a substance that donates a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give H + ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances. For example, HCl . All Bronsted–Lowry acids cannot be Arrhenius acids. Base is defined as a substance that accepts a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give OH − ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances. Brønsted–Lowry acid transfer a proton and form base as the other compound can accept a proton. This is called conjugate acid-base pair. In pair of conjugate acid and base, the acid form is protonated and the base form lost the proton. Every base has a conjugate acid. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for base and conjugate acid is as follows: Base + Proton ⇌ Conjugate acid Every acid has a conjugate base. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for conjugate base and acid is as follows: Acid ⇌ Proton + Conjugate base The reaction mechanism in which proton is donated by a compound and accepted by the other compound is called a proton transfer reaction. It involves transfer of protons between two species in chemical reaction .

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.30QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In Bronsted–Lowry theory, acid is defined as a substance that donates a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give H+ ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances. For example, HCl. All Bronsted–Lowry acids cannot be Arrhenius acids.

Base is defined as a substance that accepts a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give OH− ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances.

Brønsted–Lowry acid transfer a proton and form base as the other compound can accept a proton. This is called conjugate acid-base pair. In pair of conjugate acid and base, the acid form is protonated and the base form lost the proton.

Every base has a conjugate acid. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for base and conjugate acid is as follows:

Base+Proton⇌Conjugate acid

Every acid has a conjugate base. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for conjugate base and acid is as follows:

Acid⇌Proton+Conjugate base

The reaction mechanism in which proton is donated by a compound and accepted by the other compound is called a proton transfer reaction. It involves transfer of protons between two species in chemical reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Sodium hypochlorite solution is also known as bleach. It contains the hypochlorite ion ClO-. (a) Write an equation for the reaction between hypochlorite ion and ammonium ion. Label the acids and bases in the forward and reverse reactions. Identify the two conjugate acid-base pairs. (b) This equilibrium favors the reactants. Which of the acids is stronger and donates protons more readily?

Acidity of a solution is determined by the concentration H of hydrogen ions in the solution (measured in moles per liter of solution). Chemists use the negative of the logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ions to define the pH scale, as shown in the following formula. pH = -log (H) Lower pH values indicate a more acidic solution. (a) Normal rain has a pH value of 5.6. Rain in the eastern United States often has a pH level of 3.8. How much more acidic is this than normal rain? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) 63.10 times as acidic as normal rain (b) If the pH of water in a lake falls below a value of 5, fish often fail to reproduce. How much more acidic is this than normal water with a pH of 5.6? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) * times as acidic as normal water

As K2O dissolves in water, the oxide ion reacts with water moleculesto form hydroxide ions. (a) Write the molecular and netionic equations for this reaction. (b) Based on the definitions ofacid and base, what ion is the base in this reaction? (c) What is theacid in the reaction? (d) What is the spectator ion in the reaction?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.30QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In Bronsted–Lowry theory, acid is defined as a substance that donates a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give H+ ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances. For example, HCl. All Bronsted–Lowry acids cannot be Arrhenius acids.

Base is defined as a substance that accepts a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give OH− ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances.

Brønsted–Lowry acid transfer a proton and form base as the other compound can accept a proton. This is called conjugate acid-base pair. In pair of conjugate acid and base, the acid form is protonated and the base form lost the proton.

Every base has a conjugate acid. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for base and conjugate acid is as follows:

Base+Proton⇌Conjugate acid

Every acid has a conjugate base. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for conjugate base and acid is as follows:

Acid⇌Proton+Conjugate base

The reaction mechanism in which proton is donated by a compound and accepted by the other compound is called a proton transfer reaction. It involves transfer of protons between two species in chemical reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.30QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In Bronsted–Lowry theory, acid is defined as a substance that donates a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give H+ ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances. For example, HCl. All Bronsted–Lowry acids cannot be Arrhenius acids.

Base is defined as a substance that accepts a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give OH− ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances.

Brønsted–Lowry acid transfer a proton and form base as the other compound can accept a proton. This is called conjugate acid-base pair. In pair of conjugate acid and base, the acid form is protonated and the base form lost the proton.

Every base has a conjugate acid. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for base and conjugate acid is as follows:

Base+Proton⇌Conjugate acid

Every acid has a conjugate base. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for conjugate base and acid is as follows:

Acid⇌Proton+Conjugate base

The reaction mechanism in which proton is donated by a compound and accepted by the other compound is called a proton transfer reaction. It involves transfer of protons between two species in chemical reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 15, Problem 15.30QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In Bronsted–Lowry theory, acid is defined as a substance that donates a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give H+ ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances. For example, HCl. All Bronsted–Lowry acids cannot be Arrhenius acids.

Base is defined as a substance that accepts a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give OH− ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances.

Brønsted–Lowry acid transfer a proton and form base as the other compound can accept a proton. This is called conjugate acid-base pair. In pair of conjugate acid and base, the acid form is protonated and the base form lost the proton.

Every base has a conjugate acid. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for base and conjugate acid is as follows:

Base+Proton⇌Conjugate acid

Every acid has a conjugate base. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for conjugate base and acid is as follows:

Acid⇌Proton+Conjugate base

The reaction mechanism in which proton is donated by a compound and accepted by the other compound is called a proton transfer reaction. It involves transfer of protons between two species in chemical reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 15, Problem 15.30QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In Bronsted–Lowry theory, acid is defined as a substance that donates a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give H+ ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances. For example, HCl. All Bronsted–Lowry acids cannot be Arrhenius acids.

Base is defined as a substance that accepts a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give OH− ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances.

Brønsted–Lowry acid transfer a proton and form base as the other compound can accept a proton. This is called conjugate acid-base pair. In pair of conjugate acid and base, the acid form is protonated and the base form lost the proton.

Every base has a conjugate acid. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for base and conjugate acid is as follows:

Base+Proton⇌Conjugate acid

Every acid has a conjugate base. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for conjugate base and acid is as follows:

Acid⇌Proton+Conjugate base

The reaction mechanism in which proton is donated by a compound and accepted by the other compound is called a proton transfer reaction. It involves transfer of protons between two species in chemical reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 6

Chapter 15, Problem 15.30QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In Bronsted–Lowry theory, acid is defined as a substance that donates a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give H+ ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances. For example, HCl. All Bronsted–Lowry acids cannot be Arrhenius acids.

Base is defined as a substance that accepts a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give OH− ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances.

Brønsted–Lowry acid transfer a proton and form base as the other compound can accept a proton. This is called conjugate acid-base pair. In pair of conjugate acid and base, the acid form is protonated and the base form lost the proton.

Every base has a conjugate acid. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for base and conjugate acid is as follows:

Base+Proton⇌Conjugate acid

Every acid has a conjugate base. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for conjugate base and acid is as follows:

Acid⇌Proton+Conjugate base

The reaction mechanism in which proton is donated by a compound and accepted by the other compound is called a proton transfer reaction. It involves transfer of protons between two species in chemical reaction.

Answer 7

Chapter 15, Problem 15.30QE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In Bronsted–Lowry theory, acid is defined as a substance that donates a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give H+ ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances. For example, HCl. All Bronsted–Lowry acids cannot be Arrhenius acids.

Base is defined as a substance that accepts a proton. In a solution, it dissociates to give OH− ions. A solution can be water or made of any other substances.

Brønsted–Lowry acid transfer a proton and form base as the other compound can accept a proton. This is called conjugate acid-base pair. In pair of conjugate acid and base, the acid form is protonated and the base form lost the proton.

Every base has a conjugate acid. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for base and conjugate acid is as follows:

Base+Proton⇌Conjugate acid

Every acid has a conjugate base. They are related by loss or gain of proton. The expression for conjugate base and acid is as follows:

Acid⇌Proton+Conjugate base

The reaction mechanism in which proton is donated by a compound and accepted by the other compound is called a proton transfer reaction. It involves transfer of protons between two species in chemical reaction.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer 14

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.1QE Ch. 15 - Can a compound be an Arrhenius base and not a...Ch. 15 - Water is not the only solvent that undergoes...Ch. 15 - Write two BrnstedLowry acid-base reactions and...Ch. 15 - Define pH and explain why pH, rather than...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.6QE Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.7QE Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.8QE Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.9QE Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.10QE

Solution Summary: The author explains that the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

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Chapter 15 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrochloric acid and ammonia has to be determined.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation: The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a)

Interpretation: The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a)

Interpretation: The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Refer to part (a).

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Chapter 15 Solutions

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of hydrogen carbonate ion and nitric acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between cyanide ion and formic acid has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of cyanide ion and formic acid has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a)

Interpretation:

The product of reaction between acetate ion and water has to be identified. Also, the proton transfer in acid-base reaction of acetate ion and water has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).