Problem 15.1P: The oxidation of sulfur dioxide to give sulfurtrioxide is an important step in the industrial... Problem 15.2A: APPLY 14.2 Nitrogen dioxide, a pollutant that contributes to photochemical smog, isformed by a... Problem 15.3P: The following equilibrium concentrations were measured at 800 K:... Problem 15.4A: APPLY 14.4 Lactic acid, which builds up in muscle tissue upon strenuous exercise, is partially... Problem 15.5P: Conceptual PRACTICE 14.5 The following pictures represent mixtures that contain A atoms (red), B... Problem 15.6A: Conceptual APPLY 14.6 The equilibrium constant (Kc) for the reaction B22B is 4.5 at 25 C. Draw a... Problem 15.7P: PRACTICE 14.7 In the industrial synthesis of hydrogen, mixtures of CO and H2 are enriched in H2 by... Problem 15.8A: APPLY 14.8 At 25 °C, Kp = 25 for the reaction H2(g) + I2(g) 2 HI(g). At equilibrium, the partial... Problem 15.9P: Nitric oxide reacts with oxygen to give nitrogen dioxide, an important reaction in the Ostwald... Problem 15.10A: APPLY 14.10For the reaction 2SO2(g)+O22SO3gkc=2451000k What is Kp at 1000 K for the reaction... Problem 15.11P: Write the equilibrium constant expression (Kp) SiCL4+2H2(g)Si(s)+4HCl(g) Problem 15.12A: APPLY 14.12 Magnesium hydroxide is the active ingredient in the antacid milk of magnesia.What is the... Problem 15.13P: When wine spoils, ethanol is oxidized to acetic acid as O2 from the air reacts with the wine:... Problem 15.14A: The value of K for the dissociation reaction H2(g)2H(g) is 1.21042at500K . Does the equilibrium... Problem 15.15P: The equilibrium constant K. for the reaction 2NO(g)+O22NO2(g) .is 6.9105 at 500 K. A 5.0 L reaction... Problem 15.16A: Conceptual APPLY 14.16 The reaction A2 + B2 2 ABhas an equilibrium constant KC = 4. The following... Problem 15.17P: PRACTICE 14.17 The H2/CO ratio in mixtures of carbon monoxide and hydrogen( called synthesis gas) is... Problem 15.18A: APPLY 14.18 Calculate the equilibrium concentrations at 800 K for the reaction in Problem14.17 If... Problem 15.19P: PRACTICE 14.19 Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of H2, I2, and HI at 700 K if the initial... Problem 15.20A: APPLY 14.20 Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of N2O4 and NO2 at 25C in a vessel that... Problem 15.21P: Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of CO2,H2,CO , and H2O at 298 K if the initial... Problem 15.22A: Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of H2O(g),Cl2(g),HCl(g) and O2(g) at 298 K if the initial... Problem 15.23P: The equilibrium constant Kp , for the reaction C(s)+H2O(g)CO(g)+H2(g) is 2.44 at 1000 K. What are... Problem 15.24A: The equilibrium constant Kp , for the reaction C(s)+H2(g)CO(g)+H2(g) is 2.44 at 1000K. What are the... Problem 15.25P: Consider the equilibrium for the water—gas shift reaction: CO(g)+H2O(g)CO2(g)+H(g) Which of the... Problem 15.26A: Solid particles that form in the kidney are called kidney stones and frequently cause acute pain.... Problem 15.27P: Does the number of moles of products increase,decrease, or remain the same when the following... Problem 15.28A: CONCEPTUAL APPLY 15.28 The following picture representsthe equilibrium mixture for the gas-phase... Problem 15.29P: When air is heated at very high temperatures in an automobile engine, the air pollutant nitric oxide... Problem 15.30A: Ethyl acetate, a solvent used in many fingernail-polish removers, is made by the reaction of acetic... Problem 15.31P: The following pictures represent the composition of the equilibrium mixture for the reaction A(g) +... Problem 15.32A: The following picture represents an equilibrium mixture of solid BaCO3 , solid BaO, and gaseous CO2... Problem 15.33P: Nitric oxide emitted from the engines of supersonic aircraft can contribute to the destruction of... Problem 15.34A: The energy profile of the reaction krKf is shown. The frequency factor (A) is similar for the... Problem 15.35P: Refer to Figure 15.16 to answer the following questions: Estimate the percent saturation of... Problem 15.36P Problem 15.37P Problem 15.38P Problem 15.39P Problem 15.40P Problem 15.41CP Problem 15.42CP: The following pictures represent the equilibrium state for three different reactions of the type... Problem 15.43CP: The reaction A2+BA+AB has an equilibrium constant KC=2 . The following pictures represent reaction... Problem 15.44CP Problem 15.45CP Problem 15.46CP Problem 15.47CP: The following pictures represent equilibrium mixtures at 325 Kand 350 K for a reaction involving A... Problem 15.48CP Problem 15.49CP Problem 15.50CP Problem 15.51CP Problem 15.52SP Problem 15.53SP: Identify the true statement about the concentrations of A and Bonce the reaction AB has reached... Problem 15.54SP Problem 15.55SP Problem 15.56SP: For each of the following equilibria, write the equilibrium constant expression for s KC : (a)... Problem 15.57SP Problem 15.58SP Problem 15.59SP Problem 15.60SP: For each of the following equilibria, write the equilibrium constant expression for Kc. Where... Problem 15.61SP Problem 15.62SP: The reaction 2AsH3(g)As2(g)+3H2(g) has Kp = 7.2107 at 1073 K. At the same temperature, what is Kp... Problem 15.63SP Problem 15.64SP: Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant at 427°C for the reaction Na2O(s)+1/2O2(g)Na2O2(s)... Problem 15.65SP Problem 15.66SP: An equilibrium mixture of PCI5, PCi3, and Cl2 at a certain temperature contains,... Problem 15.67SP: The partial pressures in an equilibrium mixture of NO, Cl2 and NOCl at 500 K are as follows: PNO... Problem 15.68SP: At 298 K, Kc is 2.2105 for the reaction F (g) + O2 (g) O2F(g). . What is the value of Kp , at this... Problem 15.69SP: At 298 K, Kp is 1.6106 for the reaction 2NOCl(g)2NO(g)+Cl2(g) . What is the value of Kc , at this... Problem 15.70SP Problem 15.71SP Problem 15.72SP Problem 15.73SP Problem 15.74SP: For each of the following equilibria, write the equilibrium constant expression for IÇ. Where... Problem 15.75SP: For each of the following equilibria, write the equilibrium constant expression for Kc . Where... Problem 15.76SP: When the following reactions come to equilibrium, does the equilibrium mixture contain mostly... Problem 15.77SP Problem 15.78SP: A chemical engineer is studying reactions to produce SO3 as a step in the manufacture of sulfuric... Problem 15.79SP Problem 15.80SP: At 1400 K, Kc = 103 for the reaction CH4(g)+2H2S(g)CS2(g)+4H2(g) A 10.0-L. reaction vessel at 1400 K... Problem 15.81SP: The first step in the industrial synthesis of hydrogen is the reaction of steam and methane to give... Problem 15.82SP: Phosphine (PH3) decomposes at elevated temperatures yielding gaseous P2 and H2... Problem 15.83SP Problem 15.84SP: Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of N2O4 and NO2 at 25 °C in a vessel that contains an... Problem 15.85SP: Calculate the equilibrium concentrations at 25 °C for the reaction in Problem 15.84 if the initial... Problem 15.86SP: A sample of HI (9.30 103 mol) was placed in an empty 2.00-L container at 1000 K. After equilibrium... Problem 15.87SP: The industrial solvent ethyl acetate is produced by the reaction of acetic acid with ethanol:... Problem 15.88SP Problem 15.89SP Problem 15.90SP: The following reaction, which has Kc = 0.145 at 298 K, takes place in carbon tetrachloride solution:... Problem 15.91SP: An equilibrium mixture of N2, H2, and NH1 at 700 K contains 0.036 M N2 and 0.15 M H2. At this... Problem 15.92SP: An equilibrium mixture of O2 , SO2 , and SO4 contains equal concentrations of SO2 , and SO3 .... Problem 15.93SP: The air pollutant NO is produced in automobile engines from the high-temperature reaction... Problem 15.94SP Problem 15.95SP Problem 15.96SP Problem 15.97SP Problem 15.98SP Problem 15.99SP: The reaction of iron (III) oxide with carbon monoxide is important in making steel. At 1200 K, Kp =... Problem 15.100SP: The equilibrium concentrations in a gas mixture at a particular temperature are 0.13 M H2 , 0.70 M... Problem 15.101SP Problem 15.102SP Problem 15.103SP Problem 15.104SP Problem 15.105SP Problem 15.106SP: At 100 °C, K = 4.72 for the reaction 2N02(g)N2O4(g). An empty 10.0-L flask is filled with 4.60 g of... Problem 15.107SP: At 25 °C, Kc = 216 for the reaction 2NO2(g)N2O4(g). A 1.00-L flask containing a mixture of NO2 and... Problem 15.108SP: At 500 °C, F2 , gas is stable and does not dissociate, hut at 840°C, some dissociation occurs:... Problem 15.109SP Problem 15.110SP: Phosgene ( COCl2 ) is a toxic gas that damages the lungs. At 360°C, Kc = 8.4104 for the... Problem 15.111SP Problem 15.112SP: At 45 °C, Kc = 0.6 19 for the reaction N2O4(g)2NO2(g). If 46.0 g of N2O4 is introduced into an empty... Problem 15.113SP Problem 15.114SP Problem 15.115SP Problem 15.116SP Problem 15.117SP Problem 15.118SP: Consider the following equilibrium: Ag+(aq)+Cl(aq)AgCI(s) Use Le Chatelier’s principle to predict... Problem 15.119SP: Will the concentration of NO2 increase, decrease, or remain the same when the equilibrium... Problem 15.120SP: When each of the following equilibria is disturbed by increasing the pressure as a result of... Problem 15.121SP Problem 15.122SP: For the water-gas shift reaction CO(g)+H2O(g)CO2(g)+H2(g),H=-41.2kJ Does the amount of H2 in an... Problem 15.123SP Problem 15.124SP: Consider the exothermic reaction CoCl42(aq)+6H2O(l)Co(H2O)62+(aq)+4Cl(aq) Which interconverts the... Problem 15.125SP Problem 15.126SP: Methanol ( CH3OH ) is manufactured by the reaction of carbon monoxide with hydrogen in the presence... Problem 15.127SP: In the gas phase at 400°C, isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol) decomposes to acetone, an important... Problem 15.128SP: The following reaction is important in gold mining: 4Au(s)+8CN(aq)+O2(g)+2H2O(l)... Problem 15.129SP Problem 15.130SP: The equilibrium constant Kp for the reaction PCl5(g)PCl3(g)+Cl2(g)is3.81 102at600Kand2.69 103at700K.... Problem 15.131SP Problem 15.132SP Problem 15.133SP: Consider the following gas-phase reaction: 2A(g)+B(g)C(g)+D(g). An equilibrium mixture of reactants... Problem 15.134SP Problem 15.135SP Problem 15.136SP Problem 15.137SP Problem 15.138SP Problem 15.139SP Problem 15.140SP Problem 15.141SP Problem 15.142SP Problem 15.143SP Problem 15.144MP Problem 15.145MP Problem 15.146MP: Refining petroleum involves cracking large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, more volatile pieces.... Problem 15.147MP: At 1000 K, Kp = 2.1 106 and H ° = -107.7 kJ for the reaction H2(g)+Br2(g)2HBr(g). A 0.974 mol... Problem 15.148MP: Consider the gas-phase decomposition of 2NOBr(g)2NO(g)+Br2(g) When 0.0200 mol of NOBr is added to an... Problem 15.149MP Problem 15.150MP Problem 15.151MP Problem 15.152MP Problem 15.153MP Problem 15.154MP Problem 15.155MP: A 125.4 g quantity of water and an equal molar amount of carbon monoxide were placed in an empty... Problem 15.156MP Problem 15.157MP Problem 15.158MP Problem 15.159MP Problem 15.160MP: Ozone is unstable with respect to decomposition to ordinary oxygen: 2O3(g)3O2(g)Kp=1.31057 How many... Problem 15.161MP Problem 15.162MP: For the decomposition reaction PCl5(g)PCl3(g)+Cl2(g),Kp=381at600KandKc = 46.9 at 700 K. Is the... Problem 15.163MP format_list_bulleted