DNA (genetic material) carries genetic information from mother to offspring in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. As it is fragile, it prone to various genetic damages. A change in the DNA sequence of the cell is known as a mutation. Mutations often occur in two ways such as spontaneous mutations (which arise occasionally) and induced mutations (which arise from the exposure of mutagens). Mutations affect the phenotype of an organism. Fortunately, cells have molecular mechanisms to repair DNA damage to restore the original condition of the DNA molecule.

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Chapter 14.5, Problem 15SAQ

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DNA (genetic material) carries genetic information from mother to offspring in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. As it is fragile, it prone to various genetic damages. A change in the DNA sequence of the cell is known as a mutation. Mutations often occur in two ways such as spontaneous mutations (which arise occasionally) and induced mutations (which arise from the exposure of mutagens). Mutations affect the phenotype of an organism. Fortunately, cells have molecular mechanisms to repair DNA damage to restore the original condition of the DNA molecule.

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