Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960961
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 4P
To determine
The average density of matter in the universe.
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Pretend that galaxies are spaced evenly, 7.0 Mpc apart, and the average mass of a galaxy is 1.0 ✕ 1011 M. What is the average density (in kg/m3) of matter in the universe? (Note: The volume of a sphere is 4/3pieR^3 and the mass of the sun is 2.0 ✕ 1030 kg.)
______ kg/m^3
Which model universe does this density value support?
A: open
B: flat
C: closed
Pretend that galaxies are spaced evenly, 2.0 Mpc apart, and the average mass of a galaxy is 1.0 x 1011 Mo: What is the average density (in kg/m3)
of matter in the universe? (ote: The volume of a sphere is
, and the mass of the sun is 2.0 x 1030 kg.)
kg/m3
Pretend that galaxies are spaced evenly, 8.0 Mpc apart, and the average mass of a galaxy is 1.0 ✕ 1011 M. What is the average density (in kg/m3) of matter in the universe?
Which model universe does this density value support?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14 - How does the darkness of the night sky tell you...Ch. 14 - How can Earth be located at the center of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3RQCh. 14 - Prob. 4RQCh. 14 - Why couldn’t atomic nuclei exist when the e of the...Ch. 14 - Why are measurements of the present density of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7RQCh. 14 - Prob. 8RQCh. 14 - What is the evidence that the Universe was very...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10RQ
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- Based on your analysis of galaxies in Table 26.1, is there a correlation between the population of stars and the quantity of gas or dust? Explain why this might be.arrow_forwardPretend that galaxies are spaced evenly, 4.0 Mpc apart, and the average mass of a galaxy is 1.0 x 101 M What is the average density (in kg/m³) of matter in the universe? (Note: The volume of a sphere is 4 -ar, and the mass of the sun is 2.0 x 1030 kg.) kg/m3 Which model universe does this density value support? flat open closedarrow_forwardIn the reading, you were told that there were roughly 10,000 galaxies in the image of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field alone. The image is roughly 10 square arcminutes and there are roughly 1.5*10^8 square arcminutes composing the entire sky. With that in mind and assuming that the Hubble Ultra Deep Field represents an average part of the sky, roughly how many galaxies may exist in the observable universe? (Please include commas for every factor of 1,000; for example 2,343,567,890)arrow_forward
- Problem 6. The average density p of the Universe today is 3 x 10-27kgm-³. -3 1. Find this density in (a) gcm-³ (b) M.Mpc-³ (c) m₂cm-³ 2. Find the mass within a sphere of radius (a) R. (b) 1 AU (c) 10 Mpcarrow_forwardA Type la supernova explodes in a galaxy at a distance of 6.10×107 light-years from Earth. If astronomers detect the light from the supernova today, how many years T have passed since the supernova exploded? T= 2.07 x10 -5 years Given a Hubble constant of 74.3 km/s/Mpc, at what speed v is this galaxy moving away from Earth? v= km/s What is this galaxy's redshift? redshift:arrow_forwardThe time for a galaxy to cross from one side of a cluster to the other is called the crossing time. Find the crossing time for a galaxy moving at speed v to cross a cluster with a diameter d. Express you answer in gigayears, using one decimal place. Values: v = 849 km/s d = 1.3 Mpcarrow_forward
- Figure 2 shows the "rotation curve" of NGC 2742. It plots the “radial velocity (V)" (how fast material is moving either toward or away from us) that is measured for objects at different distances (R = radius") from the center of the galaxy. The center of the galaxy is at 0 kpc (kiloparsecs) with a speed of 9 km/sec away from us. (These velocities have been corrected for the observed tilt of the galaxy and represent true orbital velocities of the stars and gas.) 200 100 U4779 -100 As you can see, one side of the galaxy is moving with a negative velocity (spinning toward us), while the other side has a positive velocity (spinning away from us). Using Newton's gravity equation, we will be able to determine the gravitational mass of the entire galaxy and how the mass varies versus distance from the galaxy's center. -200 -8 8 -4 Radius (kpc) Read the following text carefully and follow the instructions: Select five radii spaced evenly from 0-10 kpc across the galaxy. Your selections should…arrow_forwardwhy do you have to know the distance to a galaxy to find its mass?arrow_forwardLet's say that the number density of galaxies in the universe is, on average, 3 × 10–68 galaxies/m3. If astronomers could observe all galaxies out to a distance of 1010 light-years, how many galaxies would they find? (Note that there are 1016 meters in 1 light-year.)arrow_forward
- Astronomers recently claimed to have discovered the most distant galaxy known. How would they have determine this distance?arrow_forwardIf a galaxy is 9.2 Mpc away from Earth and recedes at 475 km/s, what is H0 (in km/s/Mpc)?arrow_forwardA galaxy with a spherically symmetric distribution of matter has a mass density profile of the type p(r) ∞ 1/r, where r is the radial coordinate from the centre of the galaxy. To what type of circular velocity (r) does this correspond? Select one: a. (r) O b. c. O d. (r) ~ r (r) ~ √r (r): = constantarrow_forward
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