
Interpretation: For the given molecule the presence of formal charge of nitrogen atom should be identified.
Concept Introduction: Formal charge of an atom can be assigned by assuming the electrons which does not correspond to the valence electrons of the respective atom.
Valence electrons represent the electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom.
Non-bonded electrons are the electrons that do not participate in bonding. These electrons are also termed as lone pair of electrons.
Each atom has a specific number of valence electrons. If the valence electrons in that atom are reduced by one number, it gets positive charge. If the valence electrons in that atom are increased by one number, it gets negative charge.
Formal charge of an atom can be identified by drawing the molecules in Lewis structures.
The Lewis structure of small molecules can be drawn by combining the Lewis dot structures of the atoms involved in the formation of that compound.
Formal charge of an atom can be calculated by using the formula given below.
To find: Get the formal charge of nitrogen atom in the given molecule

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Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry 3rd.ed. Klein Evaluation/desk Copy
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- For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects O donating O withdrawing O no inductive effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density ○ donating ○ withdrawing O no resonance effects O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene Cl O donating O withdrawing ○ donating ○ withdrawing O no inductive effects O no resonance effects O Explanation Check O electron-rich O electron-deficient similar to benzene X © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessarrow_forwardIdentifying electron-donating and For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects NH2 ○ donating NO2 Explanation Check withdrawing no inductive effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density ○ donating O withdrawing O no resonance effects O donating O withdrawing O donating withdrawing O no inductive effects Ono resonance effects O electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene O electron-rich O electron-deficient O similar to benzene olo 18 Ar 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibilityarrow_forwardRank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. Explanation Check Х (Choose one) OH (Choose one) OCH3 (Choose one) OH (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Centerarrow_forward
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