Elementary Statistics (Text Only)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780077836351
Author: Author
Publisher: McGraw Hill
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 1.4, Problem 21E
Literary Digest poll: In the 1936 presidential election, Republican candidate Alf Landon challenged President Franklin Roosevelt. The Literary Digest magazine conducted a poll in which they mailed questionnaires to more than 10 million voters. The people who received the questionnaires were drawn from lists of automobile owners and people with telephones. The magazine received 2.3 million responses, and predicted that Landon would win the election in a landslide with 57% of the vote. In fact, Roosevelt won in a landslide with 62% of the vote. Soon afterward, the Literary Digest folded.
- In 1936 most people did not own automobiles, and many did not have telephones. Explain how this could have caused the results of the poll to be mistaken.
- What can be said about the response rate? Explain how this could have caused the results of the poll to be mistaken.
- The Literary Digest believed that its poll would be accurate, because it received 2.3 million responses, which is a very large number. Explain how the poll could be wrong, even with such a large sample.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
(a) Test the hypothesis.
Consider the hypothesis test Ho
=
:
against H₁o < 02. Suppose that the sample sizes aren₁ =
7 and n₂
= 13 and that
$²
= 22.4 and $22
= 28.2. Use α = 0.05.
Ho
is not
✓ rejected.
9-9
IV
(b) Find a 95% confidence interval on of 102. Round your answer to two decimal places (e.g. 98.76).
Let us suppose we have some article reported on a study of potential sources of injury to equine veterinarians conducted at a
university veterinary hospital. Forces on the hand were measured for several common activities that veterinarians engage in when
examining or treating horses. We will consider the forces on the hands for two tasks, lifting and using ultrasound. Assume that both
sample sizes are 6, the sample mean force for lifting was 6.2 pounds with standard deviation 1.5 pounds, and the sample mean force
for using ultrasound was 6.4 pounds with standard deviation 0.3 pounds. Assume that the standard deviations are known.
Suppose that you wanted to detect a true difference in mean force of 0.25 pounds on the hands for these two activities. Under the null
hypothesis, 40 = 0. What level of type II error would you recommend here?
Round your answer to four decimal places (e.g. 98.7654). Use a
= 0.05.
β
= i
What sample size would be required?
Assume the sample sizes are to be equal.…
=
Consider the hypothesis test Ho: μ₁ = μ₂ against H₁ μ₁ μ2. Suppose that sample sizes are n₁ =
15 and n₂ =
15, that x1 = 4.7
and X2 = 7.8 and that s² = 4 and s² = 6.26. Assume that o and that the data are drawn from normal distributions. Use
απ 0.05.
(a) Test the hypothesis and find the P-value.
(b) What is the power of the test in part (a) for a true difference in means of 3?
(c) Assuming equal sample sizes, what sample size should be used to obtain ẞ = 0.05 if the true difference in means is - 2? Assume
that α = 0.05.
(a) The null hypothesis is
98.7654).
rejected. The P-value is 0.0008
(b) The power is 0.94
. Round your answer to four decimal places (e.g.
Round your answer to two decimal places (e.g. 98.76).
(c) n₁ = n2 =
1
. Round your answer to the nearest integer.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Elementary Statistics (Text Only)
Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 7—12, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 7—12, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 7—12, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 7—12, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 7—12, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 7—12, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 13—16, determine whether the...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 13—16, determine whether the...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 13—16, determine whether the...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 13—16, determine whether the...
Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 17—20, determine whether the number...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 17—20, determine whether the number...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 17—20, determine whether the number...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 17—20, determine whether the number...Ch. 1.1 - Exercises 21—24 refer to the population of...Ch. 1.1 - Exercises 21—24 refer to the population of...Ch. 1.1 - Exercises 21—24 refer to the population of...Ch. 1.1 - Exercises 21—24 refer to the population of...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - In Exercises 25—36, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1.1 - Computer network: Every third day, a computer...Ch. 1.1 - Smartphone apps: A smartphone app produces a...Ch. 1.1 - Youre giving me a headache: A pharmaceutical...Ch. 1.1 - Pay more for recreation? The director of the...Ch. 1.1 - Voter preferences: A pollster wants to sample 500...Ch. 1.1 - Quality control: Products come off an assembly...Ch. 1.1 - On-site day care: A large company wants to sample...Ch. 1.1 - The tax man cometh: The Internal Revenue Service...Ch. 1.1 - Draw a sample: Imagine that you are asked to...Ch. 1.1 - A systematic sample is a cluster sample: Explain...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 11—14, determine whether the...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 11—14, determine whether the...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 11—14, determine whether the...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 11—14, determine whether the...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 15—24, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 15—24, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 15—24, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 15—24, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 15—24, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 15—24, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 15—24, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 15—24, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 15—24, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 15—24, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 25—32, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 25—32, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 25—32, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 25—32, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 25—32, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 25—32, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 25—32, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 25—32, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 33—40, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 33—40, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 33—40, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 33—40, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 33—40, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 33—40, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 33—40, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - In Exercises 33—40, determine whether the data...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 41ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 42ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 43ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 44ECh. 1.2 - Read any good books lately? According to time...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 46ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 47ECh. 1.2 - Prob. 48ECh. 1.2 - What do the numbers mean?A survey is administered...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercises 5—10, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercise 11—16, determine whether the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercise 11—16, determine whether the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercise 11—16, determine whether the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercise 11—16, determine whether the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercise 11—16, determine whether the...Ch. 1.3 - In Exercise 11—16, determine whether the...Ch. 1.3 - To determine the effectiveness of a new pain...Ch. 1.3 - A medical researcher wants to determine whether...Ch. 1.3 - A medical researcher wants to determine whether...Ch. 1.3 - An agricultural scientist wants to determine the...Ch. 1.3 - Air pollution and colds: A scientist wants to...Ch. 1.3 - Cold medications: A scientist wants to determine...Ch. 1.3 - Taxicabs and crime: A sociologist discovered that...Ch. 1.3 - Recovering from heart attacks: In a study of...Ch. 1.3 - Eat your vegetables: In an observational study,...Ch. 1.3 - Vocabulary and height: A vocabulary test was given...Ch. 1.3 - Secondhand smoke: A recent study compared the...Ch. 1.3 - Pollution in China: In a recent study, Z. Zhao and...Ch. 1.3 - The Salk Vaccine Trial: In 1954, the first vaccine...Ch. 1.3 - Another Salk Vaccine Trial: Another study of the...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 3—5, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 3—5, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 3—5, fill in each blank with the...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 6—8, determine whether the...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 6—8, determine whether the...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 6—8, determine whether the...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 9—16, specify the type of bias...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 9—16, specify the type of bias...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 9—16, specify the type of bias...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 9—16, specify the type of bias...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 9—16, specify the type of bias...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 9—16, specify the type of bias...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 9—16, specify the type of bias...Ch. 1.4 - In Exercises 9—16, specify the type of bias...Ch. 1.4 - Nuclear power, anyone? In a survey conducted by...Ch. 1.4 - Whos calling, please? Random-digit dialing is a...Ch. 1.4 - Whos calling, please? Many polls are conducted...Ch. 1.4 - Order of choices: When multiple-choice questions...Ch. 1.4 - Literary Digest poll: In the 1936 presidential...Ch. 1 - Provide an example of a qualitative variable and...Ch. 1 - Is the name of your favorite author a qualitative...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3CQCh. 1 - Prob. 4CQCh. 1 - True or false: Ideally, a sample should represent...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6CQCh. 1 - Prob. 7CQCh. 1 - Prob. 8CQCh. 1 - Prob. 9CQCh. 1 - Prob. 10CQCh. 1 - Prob. 11CQCh. 1 - Prob. 12CQCh. 1 - In analyzing the course grades of students in an...Ch. 1 - Prob. 14CQCh. 1 - Prob. 15CQCh. 1 - Prob. 1RECh. 1 - Prob. 2RECh. 1 - Prob. 3RECh. 1 - Prob. 4RECh. 1 - In Exercises 5—8, identify the kind of sample...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6RECh. 1 - Prob. 7RECh. 1 - Prob. 8RECh. 1 - Fluoride and tooth decay: Researchers examine the...Ch. 1 - Better gas mileage: A taxi company in a large city...Ch. 1 - Prob. 11RECh. 1 - Prob. 12RECh. 1 - Prob. 13RECh. 1 - Prob. 14RECh. 1 - Prob. 15RECh. 1 - Describe the difference between a stratified...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2WAICh. 1 - Describe circumstances under which each of the...Ch. 1 - Suppose that you were asked to collect some...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5WAICh. 1 - What are the primary differences between a...Ch. 1 - What are the advantages of a double-blind study?...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8WAICh. 1 - Prob. 9WAICh. 1 - Air pollution is a serious problem in many places....Ch. 1 - Prob. 2CSCh. 1 - Air pollution is a serious problem in many places....Ch. 1 - Air pollution is a serious problem in many places....Ch. 1 - Air pollution is a serious problem in many places....Ch. 1 - Air pollution is a serious problem in many places....Ch. 1 - Is there a large difference between the percentage...Ch. 1 - Explain why the percentage of high-exposure people...Ch. 1 - Explain why the percentage of low-exposure people...Ch. 1 - As the weather sets warmer. PM goes down because...Ch. 1 - It is generally the case in epidemiologic studies...Ch. 1 - Rather than send out questionnaires, the...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Consider the hypothesis test Ho: = 622 against H₁: 6 > 62. Suppose that the sample sizes are n₁ = 20 and n₂ = 8, and that = 4.5; s=2.3. Use a = 0.01. (a) Test the hypothesis. Round your answers to two decimal places (e.g. 98.76). The test statistic is fo = i The critical value is f = Conclusion: i the null hypothesis at a = 0.01. (b) Construct the confidence interval on 02/022 which can be used to test the hypothesis: (Round your answer to two decimal places (e.g. 98.76).) iarrow_forward2011 listing by carmax of the ages and prices of various corollas in a ceratin regionarrow_forwardس 11/ أ . اذا كانت 1 + x) = 2 x 3 + 2 x 2 + x) هي متعددة حدود محسوبة باستخدام طريقة الفروقات المنتهية (finite differences) من جدول البيانات التالي للدالة (f(x . احسب قيمة . ( 2 درجة ) xi k=0 k=1 k=2 k=3 0 3 1 2 2 2 3 αarrow_forward
- 1. Differentiate between discrete and continuous random variables, providing examples for each type. 2. Consider a discrete random variable representing the number of patients visiting a clinic each day. The probabilities for the number of visits are as follows: 0 visits: P(0) = 0.2 1 visit: P(1) = 0.3 2 visits: P(2) = 0.5 Using this information, calculate the expected value (mean) of the number of patient visits per day. Show all your workings clearly. Rubric to follow Definition of Random variables ( clearly and accurately differentiate between discrete and continuous random variables with appropriate examples for each) Identification of discrete random variable (correctly identifies "number of patient visits" as a discrete random variable and explains reasoning clearly.) Calculation of probabilities (uses the probabilities correctly in the calculation, showing all steps clearly and logically) Expected value calculation (calculate the expected value (mean)…arrow_forwardif the b coloumn of a z table disappeared what would be used to determine b column probabilitiesarrow_forwardConstruct a model of population flow between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas of a given country, given that their respective populations in 2015 were 263 million and 45 million. The probabilities are given by the following matrix. (from) (to) metro nonmetro 0.99 0.02 metro 0.01 0.98 nonmetro Predict the population distributions of metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas for the years 2016 through 2020 (in millions, to four decimal places). (Let x, through x5 represent the years 2016 through 2020, respectively.) x₁ = x2 X3 261.27 46.73 11 259.59 48.41 11 257.96 50.04 11 256.39 51.61 11 tarrow_forward
- If the average price of a new one family home is $246,300 with a standard deviation of $15,000 find the minimum and maximum prices of the houses that a contractor will build to satisfy 88% of the market valuearrow_forward21. ANALYSIS OF LAST DIGITS Heights of statistics students were obtained by the author as part of an experiment conducted for class. The last digits of those heights are listed below. Construct a frequency distribution with 10 classes. Based on the distribution, do the heights appear to be reported or actually measured? Does there appear to be a gap in the frequencies and, if so, how might that gap be explained? What do you know about the accuracy of the results? 3 4 555 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 23 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 8 8 8 9arrow_forwardA side view of a recycling bin lid is diagramed below where two panels come together at a right angle. 45 in 24 in Width? — Given this information, how wide is the recycling bin in inches?arrow_forward
- 1 No. 2 3 4 Binomial Prob. X n P Answer 5 6 4 7 8 9 10 12345678 8 3 4 2 2552 10 0.7 0.233 0.3 0.132 7 0.6 0.290 20 0.02 0.053 150 1000 0.15 0.035 8 7 10 0.7 0.383 11 9 3 5 0.3 0.132 12 10 4 7 0.6 0.290 13 Poisson Probability 14 X lambda Answer 18 4 19 20 21 22 23 9 15 16 17 3 1234567829 3 2 0.180 2 1.5 0.251 12 10 0.095 5 3 0.101 7 4 0.060 3 2 0.180 2 1.5 0.251 24 10 12 10 0.095arrow_forwardstep by step on Microssoft on how to put this in excel and the answers please Find binomial probability if: x = 8, n = 10, p = 0.7 x= 3, n=5, p = 0.3 x = 4, n=7, p = 0.6 Quality Control: A factory produces light bulbs with a 2% defect rate. If a random sample of 20 bulbs is tested, what is the probability that exactly 2 bulbs are defective? (hint: p=2% or 0.02; x =2, n=20; use the same logic for the following problems) Marketing Campaign: A marketing company sends out 1,000 promotional emails. The probability of any email being opened is 0.15. What is the probability that exactly 150 emails will be opened? (hint: total emails or n=1000, x =150) Customer Satisfaction: A survey shows that 70% of customers are satisfied with a new product. Out of 10 randomly selected customers, what is the probability that at least 8 are satisfied? (hint: One of the keyword in this question is “at least 8”, it is not “exactly 8”, the correct formula for this should be = 1- (binom.dist(7, 10, 0.7,…arrow_forwardKate, Luke, Mary and Nancy are sharing a cake. The cake had previously been divided into four slices (s1, s2, s3 and s4). What is an example of fair division of the cake S1 S2 S3 S4 Kate $4.00 $6.00 $6.00 $4.00 Luke $5.30 $5.00 $5.25 $5.45 Mary $4.25 $4.50 $3.50 $3.75 Nancy $6.00 $4.00 $4.00 $6.00arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with ApplicationsStatisticsISBN:9781119256830Author:Amos GilatPublisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...StatisticsISBN:9781305251809Author:Jay L. DevorePublisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...StatisticsISBN:9781305504912Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. WallnauPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...StatisticsISBN:9780134683416Author:Ron Larson, Betsy FarberPublisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319042578Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. FlignerPublisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319013387Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. CraigPublisher:W. H. Freeman
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305251809
Author:Jay L. Devore
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305504912
Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...
Statistics
ISBN:9780134683416
Author:Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319042578
Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319013387
Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Statistics 4.1 Point Estimators; Author: Dr. Jack L. Jackson II;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2MrI0J8XCEE;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Statistics 101: Point Estimators; Author: Brandon Foltz;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4v41z3HwLaM;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Central limit theorem; Author: 365 Data Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5xQmk9veZ4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Point Estimate Definition & Example; Author: Prof. Essa;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OTVwtvQmSn0;License: Standard Youtube License
Point Estimation; Author: Vamsidhar Ambatipudi;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=flqhlM2bZWc;License: Standard Youtube License