Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780133909029
Author: Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 17TYK
Cultivated American cotton plants have a total of 52 chromosomes (2n = 52). In each cell, there are 13 pairs of large chromosomes and 13 pairs of smaller chromosomes. Old World cotton plants have 26 chromosomes (2n = 26), all large. Wild American cotton plants have 26 chromosomes, all small. Propose a testable hypothesis to explain how cultivated American cotton probably originated.
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Students have asked these similar questions
As shown gives the number of chromosomes in a haploid set of chromosomes. What is the lowest number in the table? What is the highest number? Most cells in plants are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes,so the number per nucleus should be doubled. How many chromosomes are present in each diploid potato nucleus? If a potato plant has 1 million cells, each with one diploid nucleus, how many chromosomes are present in the entire plant?
Explain the terms haploid, diploid, and polyploid. Why is polyploidy so much more common in plants than in animals? Give examples of polyploid animals. Polyploid plants may occur naturally or they may be created intentionally by agricultural scientists. List four examples of polyploid commercial crops and explain why they are superior to their diploid ancestors.
The table shows three related species of potato, and the number of chromosomes each species carries in its somatic cells. S. avilesii is
diploid. S. tuberosum is the widely cultivated species. Potatoes propagate by asexual reproduction and do not depend only on
gametes for reproduction.
Species
Number of chromosomes in somatic cells
S. tuberosum is likely
to be a larger, more
vigorous plant than S.
avilesii.
Classify each statement about these potato species as true or false.
Gametes produced
by S. microdontum
contain 18
chromosomes.
S. microdontum is
aneuploid.
S. microdontum is a
triploid with 3x
chromosomes.
Solanum avilesii
True
24
The basic
chromosome number
(x) for these species
is 6.
S. tuberosum is a
tetraploid with 4x
chromosomes.
Solanum
microdontum
36
The basic
chromosome number
(x) for these species
is 12.
S. microdontum could
have arisen only from
a cross between S.
avilesii and S.
tuberosum.
False
Solanum
tuberosum
48
S. microdontum could
have arisen from a
cross between…
Chapter 14 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (8th Edition)
Ch. 14 - Name the two types of speciation represented by...Ch. 14 - Fill in the blanks in the following concept map.Ch. 14 - Which concept of species would be most useful to a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 14 - Bird guides once listed the myrtle warbler and...Ch. 14 - Which of the following is an example of a...Ch. 14 - Biologists have found more than 500 species of...Ch. 14 - A new plant species C, which formed from...Ch. 14 - A horse (2n = 64) and a donkey (2n = 62) can mate...Ch. 14 - What prevents horses and donkeys from hybridizing...
Ch. 14 - When hybrids produced in a hybrid zone can breed...Ch. 14 - Which of the following factors would not...Ch. 14 - Explain how each of the following makes it...Ch. 14 - Explain why allopatric speciation would be less...Ch. 14 - What does the term punctuated equilibria describe?Ch. 14 - Can factors that cause sympatric speciation also...Ch. 14 - Cultivated American cotton plants have a total of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 19TYK
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- In an electrophoretic gel across which is applied a powerful electrical alternating pulsed field, the DNA of the haploid fungus Neurospora crassa (n = 7) moves slowly but eventually forms seven bands, which represent DNA fractions that are of different sizes and hence have moved at different speeds. These bands are presumed to be the seven chromosomes. How would you show which band corresponds to which chromosome?arrow_forwardLarge ear of corn has a total of 433 grains, including 26 Yellow & Shrunken, 73 Purple & Shrunken, 63 Yellow & Smooth, and 271 Purple & Smooth. Determine whether the ratio of corn kernels support the hypothesis that the plant is heterozygous.arrow_forward(d) Scientists believe that the yellow fern arose from hybridization with another fern on the island. Create a diagram of this hybridization that tracks the origin of the chromosome number in the yellow fern.arrow_forward
- How many chromosomes would be found in somatic cells of an allotetraploid plant if its parent species had diploid (2n) numbers of 4 and 6 respectively?arrow_forwardA research scientist is studying diseases associated with homologous chromosomes and notices that the same gene along the chromosome has different function what can you conclude about his findings? A. The homologous pairs have been recombined and therefore he is studying end joining of chromosomes B. He is studying sex chromosomes and the differences are because the chromosomes are from a male species organism C. He has identified different alleles among homologous chromosomes. D. He is studying basic chromosome remodeling during fertilzationarrow_forwardThe horse (Equus caballus) has 32 pairs of chromosomes, whereas the donkey (Equus asinus) has 31 pairs of chromosomes. How many total chromosomes would be expected in the somatic tissue of a mule, which is a hybrid of these two animals? Hint: a hybrid donkey is created by the union of a normal gamete from a horse and a normal gamete from a donkey. Group of answer choices 31.5 62 126 none of these is correct 63arrow_forward
- Consider a hypothetical DIPLOID organism with ONE PAIR of homologous chromosomes. How many DNA molecules are there per nucleus in a somatic cell in G1? 4 8 2 1 Picture 1 shows Bob’s chromosome #18 pair. Picture 2 shows Sue’s chromosome #18 pair. Bob and Sue have a stillborn son with three copies of chromosome #18 that look like picture 3. In which parent did the chromosome separation problem occur? Bob Sue Both parents You need additional information to determine which parent. Starting with a population of genetically identical mice, you discover two new independent mutant strains in which all of the animals have epileptic seizures. In both strains, you know that the epileptic seizures are due to a single DNA mutation. You cross a mutant mouse from one strain to a mutant mouse from the second strain and find that none of their many offspring undergo spontaneous seizures. From…arrow_forwardWhat structures are found in a chromosome? Group of answer choices Two structures for the mitotic spindle to bind, and two complex repetitive structures that are maintained by telomerase One structure for the mitotic spindle to bind, and two complex repetitive structures that are maintained by telomerase One structure for the mitotic spindle to bind, and one complex repetitive structure that is maintained by telomerase Two structures for the mitotic spindle to bind, and one complex repetitive structure that is maintained by telomerase.arrow_forwardA large plant arose in a natural population. Qualitatively,it looked just the same as the others, except much larger. Is it more likely to be an allopolyploid or anautopolyploid? How would you test that it was a polyploid and not just growing in rich soil?arrow_forward
- Suppose researchers studied the first chromosome of a new species and mapped three genes of interest, indicated as a, b, and c. A three‑factor cross was performed and the number of gametes formed from the F2 generation was recorded in a table. Note that the order of genes in the table is arbitrary. Calculate the recombination frequencies for each given gene pair in map units. ?+ ?+ ?+ ? ? ? ? ?+ ?+ ?+ ? ? ? ?+ ? ?+ ? ?+ ? ? ?+ ?+ ?+ ? 173 176 35 33 11 10 3 1 After completing the gene mapping, the researchers treated individuals to induce inversions in the chromosomes. After treatment, another three‑factor cross was performed and the number of gametes formed from the F2 generation was recorded in a second table. Note that the order of genes in the table is arbitrary. ?+ ?+ ?+ ? ? ? ? ?+ ?+ ?+ ? ? ? ?+ ? ?+ ? ?+ ? ? ?+ ?+ ?+ ? 188 185 24 26 1 0 49 46 Calculate the recombination frequencies for each given gene pair in map units.arrow_forwardSuppose researchers studied the first chromosome of a new species and mapped three genes of interest, indicated as a, b, and c. A three‑factor cross was performed and the number of gametes formed from the F2 generation was recorded in a table. Note that the order of genes in the table is arbitrary. Calculate the recombination frequencies for each given gene pair in map units. a+ b+ c+ a b c a b+ c+ a+ b c a b+ c a+ b c+ a b c+ a+ b+ c 173 176 35 33 11 10 3 1 After completing the gene mapping, the researchers treated individuals to induce inversions in the chromosomes. After treatment, another three‑factor cross was performed and the number of gametes formed from the F2 generation was recorded in a second table. Note that the order of genes in the table is arbitrary. a+ b+ c+ abc a b+ c+ ?+ b c a b+ c a+ b c+ a b c+ a+ b+ c 188 185 24 26 1 0 49 46 Calculate the recombination frequencies for each given gene pair in map units.arrow_forwardCertain varieties of chrysanthemums contain 18, 36, 54, 72, and 90 chromosomes; all are multiples of a basic set of nine chromosomes. How would you describe these varieties genetically? What feature do the karyotypes of each variety share? A variety with 27 chromosomes has been discovered, but it is sterile. Why?arrow_forward
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