CALC A slender, uniform, metal rod with mass M is pivoted without friction about an axis through its midpoint and perpendicular to the rod. A horizontal spring with force constant k is attached to the lower end of the rod, with the other end of the spring attached to a rigid support. If the rod is displaced by a small angle Θ from the vertical ( Fig. P14.87 ) and released, show that it moves in angular SHM and calculate the period. ( Hint: Assume that the angle Θ is small enough for the approximations sin Θ ≈ Θ and cos Θ ≈ 1 to be valid. The motion is simple harmonic if d 2 θ / dt 2 = − ω 2 θ , and the period is then T = 2 π / ω .) Figure P14.87
CALC A slender, uniform, metal rod with mass M is pivoted without friction about an axis through its midpoint and perpendicular to the rod. A horizontal spring with force constant k is attached to the lower end of the rod, with the other end of the spring attached to a rigid support. If the rod is displaced by a small angle Θ from the vertical ( Fig. P14.87 ) and released, show that it moves in angular SHM and calculate the period. ( Hint: Assume that the angle Θ is small enough for the approximations sin Θ ≈ Θ and cos Θ ≈ 1 to be valid. The motion is simple harmonic if d 2 θ / dt 2 = − ω 2 θ , and the period is then T = 2 π / ω .) Figure P14.87
CALC A slender, uniform, metal rod with mass M is pivoted without friction about an axis through its midpoint and perpendicular to the rod. A horizontal spring with force constant k is attached to the lower end of the rod, with the other end of the spring attached to a rigid support. If the rod is displaced by a small angle Θ from the vertical (Fig. P14.87) and released, show that it moves in angular SHM and calculate the period. (Hint: Assume that the angle Θ is small enough for the approximations sin Θ ≈ Θ and cos Θ ≈ 1 to be valid. The motion is simple harmonic if d2θ/dt2 = −ω2θ, and the period is then T = 2π/ω.)
Figure P14.87
Definition Definition Special type of oscillation where the force of restoration is directly proportional to the displacement of the object from its mean or initial position. If an object is in motion such that the acceleration of the object is directly proportional to its displacement (which helps the moving object return to its resting position) then the object is said to undergo a simple harmonic motion. An object undergoing SHM always moves like a wave.
A ball is thrown with an initial speed v, at an angle 6, with the horizontal. The horizontal range of the ball is R, and the ball reaches a maximum height R/4. In terms of R and g, find the following.
(a) the time interval during which the ball is in motion
2R
(b) the ball's speed at the peak of its path
v=
Rg 2
√ sin 26, V 3
(c) the initial vertical component of its velocity
Rg
sin ei
sin 20
(d) its initial speed
Rg
√ sin 20
×
(e) the angle 6, expressed in terms of arctan of a fraction.
1
(f) Suppose the ball is thrown at the same initial speed found in (d) but at the angle appropriate for reaching the greatest height that it can. Find this height.
hmax
R2
(g) Suppose the ball is thrown at the same initial speed but at the angle for greatest possible range. Find this maximum horizontal range.
Xmax
R√3
2
An outfielder throws a baseball to his catcher in an attempt to throw out a runner at home plate. The ball bounces once before reaching the catcher. Assume the angle at which the bounced ball leaves the ground is the same as the angle at which the outfielder threw it as shown in the figure, but that the ball's speed after the bounce is one-half of what it was before the bounce.
8
(a) Assuming the ball is always thrown with the same initial speed, at what angle & should the fielder throw the ball to make it go the same distance D with one bounce (blue path) as a ball thrown upward at 35.0° with no bounce (green path)?
24
(b) Determine the ratio of the time interval for the one-bounce throw to the flight time for the no-bounce throw.
Cone-bounce
no-bounce
0.940
A rocket is launched at an angle of 60.0° above the horizontal with an initial speed of 97 m/s. The rocket moves for 3.00 s along its initial line of motion with an acceleration of 28.0 m/s². At this time, its engines fail and the rocket proceeds to move as a projectile.
(a) Find the maximum altitude reached by the rocket.
1445.46
Your response differs from the correct answer by more than 10%. Double check your calculations. m
(b) Find its total time of flight.
36.16
x
Your response is within 10% of the correct value. This may be due to roundoff error, or you could have a mistake in your calculation. Carry out all intermediate results to at least four-digit accuracy to minimize roundoff error. s
(c) Find its horizontal range.
1753.12
×
Your response differs from the correct answer by more than 10%. Double check your calculations. m
Chapter 14 Solutions
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