The cost of material per unit volume is more important in some cases than the cost per unit weight. The cost needs to be determined in terms of $ / cm 3 . Whether this affects the relationship between the different materials or not needs to be explained. Concept Introduction: Specific strength can be calculated as follows: Specific strength = strength Mass density It relates the specific strengths of steel, few high strength non-ferrous alloys, and polymer- matrix composites. Additional factor to study in designing with non-ferrous material is their rate, which also differs significantly.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The cost of material per unit volume is more important in some cases than the cost per unit weight. The cost needs to be determined in terms of $/cm3. Whether this affects the relationship between the different materials or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Specific strength can be calculated as follows:

Specific strength = strength Mass density

It relates the specific strengths of steel, few high strength non-ferrous alloys, and polymer- matrix composites. Additional factor to study in designing with non-ferrous material is their rate, which also differs significantly.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Table no.1

Metal	Density(g/ cm3)	Cost per kg($/kg)	Rank

Steels	7.87	0.22	1
Zinc	7.13	0.88	2
Lead	11.36	0.99	3
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	4
Copper	8.93	1.57	5
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	7
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9
Beryllium	1.85	777.60	10

The cost of a material per unit volume can be converted from ($/kg) to ($/g) by dividing the cost of material by 1000, and multiplying the converted cost value with density.

Table no. 2

Metal	Density	Cost per kg	Cost per gram	Cost per volume	Rank

Steel	7.87	0.22	0.22 ×10−3	0.0017	1
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	1.32 ×10−3	0.0036	2
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	3.31 ×10−3	0.0057	3
Zinc	7.13	0.88	0.88 ×10−3	0.0063	4
Lead	11.36	0.99	0.99 ×10−3	0.0013	5
Copper	8.93	1.57	1.57 ×10−3	0.0140	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.0397	7
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9.04 ×10−3	0.0804	8
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.1696	9
Beryllium	1.85	771.60	771.60 ×10−3	1.4247	10

From the above two tables, the different materials are related to each other in terms of cost per kilogram and cost per volume.

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I REPEAT!!!!! I NEED HANDDRAWING!!!!! NOT A USELESS EXPLANATION!!!! I REPEAT SUBMIT A HANDDRAWING IF YOU CANNOT UNDERSTAND THIS SKIP IT ! I need the real handdrawing complete it by adding these : Pneumatic Valves Each linear actuator must be controlled by a directional control valve (DCV) (e.g., 5/2 or 4/2 valve). The bi-directional motor requires a reversible valve to change rotation direction. Pressure Regulators & Air Supply Include two pressure regulators as per the assignment requirement. Show the main compressed air supply line connecting all components. Limit Switches & Safety Features Attach limit switches to each actuator to detect positions. Implement a two-handed push-button safety system to control actuator movement. Connections Between Components Draw air supply lines linking the compressor, valves, and actuators. Clearly label all inputs and outputs for better understanding.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The cost of material per unit volume is more important in some cases than the cost per unit weight. The cost needs to be determined in terms of $/cm3. Whether this affects the relationship between the different materials or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Specific strength can be calculated as follows:

Specific strength = strength Mass density

It relates the specific strengths of steel, few high strength non-ferrous alloys, and polymer- matrix composites. Additional factor to study in designing with non-ferrous material is their rate, which also differs significantly.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Table no.1

Metal	Density(g/ cm3)	Cost per kg($/kg)	Rank

Steels	7.87	0.22	1
Zinc	7.13	0.88	2
Lead	11.36	0.99	3
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	4
Copper	8.93	1.57	5
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	7
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9
Beryllium	1.85	777.60	10

The cost of a material per unit volume can be converted from ($/kg) to ($/g) by dividing the cost of material by 1000, and multiplying the converted cost value with density.

Table no. 2

Metal	Density	Cost per kg	Cost per gram	Cost per volume	Rank

Steel	7.87	0.22	0.22 ×10−3	0.0017	1
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	1.32 ×10−3	0.0036	2
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	3.31 ×10−3	0.0057	3
Zinc	7.13	0.88	0.88 ×10−3	0.0063	4
Lead	11.36	0.99	0.99 ×10−3	0.0013	5
Copper	8.93	1.57	1.57 ×10−3	0.0140	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.0397	7
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9.04 ×10−3	0.0804	8
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.1696	9
Beryllium	1.85	771.60	771.60 ×10−3	1.4247	10

From the above two tables, the different materials are related to each other in terms of cost per kilogram and cost per volume.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The cost of material per unit volume is more important in some cases than the cost per unit weight. The cost needs to be determined in terms of $/cm3. Whether this affects the relationship between the different materials or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Specific strength can be calculated as follows:

Specific strength = strength Mass density

It relates the specific strengths of steel, few high strength non-ferrous alloys, and polymer- matrix composites. Additional factor to study in designing with non-ferrous material is their rate, which also differs significantly.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Table no.1

Metal	Density(g/ cm3)	Cost per kg($/kg)	Rank

Steels	7.87	0.22	1
Zinc	7.13	0.88	2
Lead	11.36	0.99	3
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	4
Copper	8.93	1.57	5
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	7
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9
Beryllium	1.85	777.60	10

The cost of a material per unit volume can be converted from ($/kg) to ($/g) by dividing the cost of material by 1000, and multiplying the converted cost value with density.

Table no. 2

Metal	Density	Cost per kg	Cost per gram	Cost per volume	Rank

Steel	7.87	0.22	0.22 ×10−3	0.0017	1
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	1.32 ×10−3	0.0036	2
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	3.31 ×10−3	0.0057	3
Zinc	7.13	0.88	0.88 ×10−3	0.0063	4
Lead	11.36	0.99	0.99 ×10−3	0.0013	5
Copper	8.93	1.57	1.57 ×10−3	0.0140	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.0397	7
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9.04 ×10−3	0.0804	8
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.1696	9
Beryllium	1.85	771.60	771.60 ×10−3	1.4247	10

From the above two tables, the different materials are related to each other in terms of cost per kilogram and cost per volume.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The cost of material per unit volume is more important in some cases than the cost per unit weight. The cost needs to be determined in terms of $/cm3. Whether this affects the relationship between the different materials or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Specific strength can be calculated as follows:

Specific strength = strength Mass density

It relates the specific strengths of steel, few high strength non-ferrous alloys, and polymer- matrix composites. Additional factor to study in designing with non-ferrous material is their rate, which also differs significantly.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Table no.1

Metal	Density(g/ cm3)	Cost per kg($/kg)	Rank

Steels	7.87	0.22	1
Zinc	7.13	0.88	2
Lead	11.36	0.99	3
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	4
Copper	8.93	1.57	5
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	7
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9
Beryllium	1.85	777.60	10

The cost of a material per unit volume can be converted from ($/kg) to ($/g) by dividing the cost of material by 1000, and multiplying the converted cost value with density.

Table no. 2

Metal	Density	Cost per kg	Cost per gram	Cost per volume	Rank

Steel	7.87	0.22	0.22 ×10−3	0.0017	1
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	1.32 ×10−3	0.0036	2
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	3.31 ×10−3	0.0057	3
Zinc	7.13	0.88	0.88 ×10−3	0.0063	4
Lead	11.36	0.99	0.99 ×10−3	0.0013	5
Copper	8.93	1.57	1.57 ×10−3	0.0140	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.0397	7
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9.04 ×10−3	0.0804	8
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.1696	9
Beryllium	1.85	771.60	771.60 ×10−3	1.4247	10

From the above two tables, the different materials are related to each other in terms of cost per kilogram and cost per volume.

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Answer 5

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The cost of material per unit volume is more important in some cases than the cost per unit weight. The cost needs to be determined in terms of $/cm3. Whether this affects the relationship between the different materials or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Specific strength can be calculated as follows:

Specific strength = strength Mass density

It relates the specific strengths of steel, few high strength non-ferrous alloys, and polymer- matrix composites. Additional factor to study in designing with non-ferrous material is their rate, which also differs significantly.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Table no.1

Metal	Density(g/ cm3)	Cost per kg($/kg)	Rank

Steels	7.87	0.22	1
Zinc	7.13	0.88	2
Lead	11.36	0.99	3
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	4
Copper	8.93	1.57	5
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	7
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9
Beryllium	1.85	777.60	10

The cost of a material per unit volume can be converted from ($/kg) to ($/g) by dividing the cost of material by 1000, and multiplying the converted cost value with density.

Table no. 2

Metal	Density	Cost per kg	Cost per gram	Cost per volume	Rank

Steel	7.87	0.22	0.22 ×10−3	0.0017	1
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	1.32 ×10−3	0.0036	2
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	3.31 ×10−3	0.0057	3
Zinc	7.13	0.88	0.88 ×10−3	0.0063	4
Lead	11.36	0.99	0.99 ×10−3	0.0013	5
Copper	8.93	1.57	1.57 ×10−3	0.0140	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.0397	7
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9.04 ×10−3	0.0804	8
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.1696	9
Beryllium	1.85	771.60	771.60 ×10−3	1.4247	10

From the above two tables, the different materials are related to each other in terms of cost per kilogram and cost per volume.

Answer 6

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The cost of material per unit volume is more important in some cases than the cost per unit weight. The cost needs to be determined in terms of $/cm3. Whether this affects the relationship between the different materials or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Specific strength can be calculated as follows:

Specific strength = strength Mass density

It relates the specific strengths of steel, few high strength non-ferrous alloys, and polymer- matrix composites. Additional factor to study in designing with non-ferrous material is their rate, which also differs significantly.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Table no.1

Metal	Density(g/ cm3)	Cost per kg($/kg)	Rank

Steels	7.87	0.22	1
Zinc	7.13	0.88	2
Lead	11.36	0.99	3
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	4
Copper	8.93	1.57	5
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	7
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9
Beryllium	1.85	777.60	10

The cost of a material per unit volume can be converted from ($/kg) to ($/g) by dividing the cost of material by 1000, and multiplying the converted cost value with density.

Table no. 2

Metal	Density	Cost per kg	Cost per gram	Cost per volume	Rank

Steel	7.87	0.22	0.22 ×10−3	0.0017	1
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	1.32 ×10−3	0.0036	2
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	3.31 ×10−3	0.0057	3
Zinc	7.13	0.88	0.88 ×10−3	0.0063	4
Lead	11.36	0.99	0.99 ×10−3	0.0013	5
Copper	8.93	1.57	1.57 ×10−3	0.0140	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.0397	7
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9.04 ×10−3	0.0804	8
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.1696	9
Beryllium	1.85	771.60	771.60 ×10−3	1.4247	10

From the above two tables, the different materials are related to each other in terms of cost per kilogram and cost per volume.

Answer 7

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The cost of material per unit volume is more important in some cases than the cost per unit weight. The cost needs to be determined in terms of $/cm3. Whether this affects the relationship between the different materials or not needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Specific strength can be calculated as follows:

Specific strength = strength Mass density

It relates the specific strengths of steel, few high strength non-ferrous alloys, and polymer- matrix composites. Additional factor to study in designing with non-ferrous material is their rate, which also differs significantly.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Table no.1

Metal	Density(g/ cm3)	Cost per kg($/kg)	Rank

Steels	7.87	0.22	1
Zinc	7.13	0.88	2
Lead	11.36	0.99	3
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	4
Copper	8.93	1.57	5
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	7
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9
Beryllium	1.85	777.60	10

The cost of a material per unit volume can be converted from ($/kg) to ($/g) by dividing the cost of material by 1000, and multiplying the converted cost value with density.

Table no. 2

Metal	Density	Cost per kg	Cost per gram	Cost per volume	Rank

Steel	7.87	0.22	0.22 ×10−3	0.0017	1
Aluminium	2.70	1.32	1.32 ×10−3	0.0036	2
Magnesium	1.74	3.31	3.31 ×10−3	0.0057	3
Zinc	7.13	0.88	0.88 ×10−3	0.0063	4
Lead	11.36	0.99	0.99 ×10−3	0.0013	5
Copper	8.93	1.57	1.57 ×10−3	0.0140	6
Titanium	4.51	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.0397	7
Nickel	8.90	9.04	9.04 ×10−3	0.0804	8
Tungsten	19.25	8.82	8.82 ×10−3	0.1696	9
Beryllium	1.85	771.60	771.60 ×10−3	1.4247	10

From the above two tables, the different materials are related to each other in terms of cost per kilogram and cost per volume.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.1P Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.2P Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.3P Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.4P Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.5P Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.6P Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.7P Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.8P Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.9P Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.10P

Explanation of Solution

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Chapter 14 Solutions