Chapter 14, Problem 14.14E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the molecule hexamethylbenzene, ${\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{6}}$ is linear, spherical tops, prolate symmetric tops, oblate symmetric tops, or asymmetric tops is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Nonlinear molecules can rotate in three independent and mutually perpendicular directions. It is not necessary that the rotation in one dimension is equivalent to rotations in the other two directions. The moment of inertia for each dimension of each rotation is usually different. If a molecule has three different moments of inertia, it is called an asymmetric top molecule. If a molecule has two of its three moments of inertia equal, it is called symmetric top molecule. If the two equal moments of inertia are lower than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called oblate tops. If the two equal moments of inertia are higher than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called prolate tops. For linear molecule the moment of inertia along the molecular axis is zero. Spherical top molecules have no net dipole moment or net dipole moment is equal to zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether the molecule diacetylene, $\text{HC}\equiv \text{C}-\text{C}\equiv \text{CH}$ is linear, spherical tops, prolate symmetric tops, oblate symmetric tops, or asymmetric tops is to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Nonlinear molecules can rotate in three independent and mutually perpendicular directions. It is not necessary that the rotation in one dimension is equivalent to rotations in the other two directions. The moment of inertia for each dimension of each rotation is usually different. If a molecule has three different moments of inertia, it is called an asymmetric top molecule. If a molecule has two of its three moments of inertia equal, it is called symmetric top molecule. If the two equal moments of inertia are lower than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called oblate tops. If the two equal moments of inertia are higher than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called prolate tops. For linear molecule the moment of inertia along the molecular axis is zero. Spherical top molecules have no net dipole moment or net dipole moment is equal to zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether the molecule cyanide radical, ${\text{CN}}^{\text{•}}$ is linear, spherical tops, prolate symmetric tops, oblate symmetric tops, or asymmetric tops is to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Nonlinear molecules can rotate in three independent and mutually perpendicular directions. It is not necessary that the rotation in one dimension is equivalent to rotations in the other two directions. The moment of inertia for each dimension of each rotation is usually different. If a molecule has three different moments of inertia, it is called an asymmetric top molecule. If a molecule has two of its three moments of inertia equal, it is called symmetric top molecule. If the two equal moments of inertia are lower than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called oblate tops. If the two equal moments of inertia are higher than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called prolate tops. For linear molecule the moment of inertia along the molecular axis is zero. Spherical top molecules have no net dipole moment or net dipole moment is equal to zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether the molecule cyanogen, $\text{N}\equiv \text{C}-\text{C}\equiv \text{N}$ is linear, spherical tops, prolate symmetric tops, oblate symmetric tops, or asymmetric tops is to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Nonlinear molecules can rotate in three independent and mutually perpendicular directions. It is not necessary that the rotation in one dimension is equivalent to rotations in the other two directions. The moment of inertia for each dimension of each rotation is usually different. If a molecule has three different moments of inertia, it is called an asymmetric top molecule. If a molecule has two of its three moments of inertia equal, it is called symmetric top molecule. If the two equal moments of inertia are lower than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called oblate tops. If the two equal moments of inertia are higher than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called prolate tops. For linear molecule the moment of inertia along the molecular axis is zero. Spherical top molecules have no net dipole moment or net dipole moment is equal to zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether the molecule sulfur tetrafluoride, ${\text{SF}}_{\text{4}}$ is linear, spherical tops, prolate symmetric tops, oblate symmetric tops, or asymmetric tops is to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Nonlinear molecules can rotate in three independent and mutually perpendicular directions. It is not necessary that the rotation in one dimension is equivalent to rotations in the other two directions. The moment of inertia for each dimension of each rotation is usually different. If a molecule has three different moments of inertia, it is called an asymmetric top molecule. If a molecule has two of its three moments of inertia equal, it is called symmetric top molecule. If the two equal moments of inertia are lower than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called oblate tops. If the two equal moments of inertia are higher than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called prolate tops. For linear molecule the moment of inertia along the molecular axis is zero. Spherical top molecules have no net dipole moment or net dipole moment is equal to zero.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

Whether the molecule hydrogen sulphide, ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{S}$ is linear, spherical tops, prolate symmetric tops, oblate symmetric tops, or asymmetric tops is to be classified.

Concept introduction:

Nonlinear molecules can rotate in three independent and mutually perpendicular directions. It is not necessary that the rotation in one dimension is equivalent to rotations in the other two directions. The moment of inertia for each dimensions of each rotation is usually different. If a molecule has three different moments of inertia, it is called an asymmetric top molecule. If a molecule has two of its three moments of inertia equal, it is called symmetric top molecule. If the two equal moments of inertia are lower than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called oblate tops. If the two equal moments of inertia are higher than the unique moment of inertia, then the molecule is called prolate tops. For linear molecule the moment of inertia along the molecular axis is zero. Spherical top molecules have no net dipole moment or net dipole moment is equal to zero.