
Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134293936
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 113E
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: The reaction order for the given reaction under certain conditions.
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You are a Quality Manager for a very well-known food ingredient company that produces umami powder, and you are responsible for setting specification limits.
The net weight (in grams) of bags of unami powder is monitored by taking samples of six bags on an hourly basis during production. The label on every bag reports a contents of 1KG umami powder.
The process mean is μ = 1012 g, and when the process is properly adjusted, it varies with σ = 11 g.
QUESTION: Your organisation strives to ensure that >99.97% of bags of umami powder produced conforms to specification. What performance process index value is required to achieve this process yield?
Calculate PPK using the following formula:
Ppk = (USL – mean)/3 σ
Ppk = (mean -LSL)/ 3 σ
You are a Quality Manager for a very well-known food ingredient company that produces umami powder, and you are responsible for setting specification limits.
The net weight (in grams) of bags of unami powder is monitored by taking samples of six bags on an hourly basis during production. The label on every bag reports a contents of 1KG umami powder.
The process mean is μ = 1012 g, and when the process is properly adjusted, it varies with σ = 11 g.
QUESTION: Provide a valid and full justification as to whether you would advise your manager that the process is satisfactory when it is properly adjusted, or would you seek their approval to improve the process?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
Ch. 14 - Explain why lizards become sluggish in cold...Ch. 14 - Why are reaction rates important (both practically...Ch. 14 - Using the idea that reactions occur as a result of...Ch. 14 - Using the idea that reactions occur as a result of...Ch. 14 - What units are typically used to express the rate...Ch. 14 - Why is the reaction rate for reactants defined as...Ch. 14 - Explain the difference between the average rate of...Ch. 14 - Consider a simple reaction in which a reactant A...Ch. 14 - How is the order of a reaction generally...Ch. 14 - For a reaction with multiple reactants, how is the...
Ch. 14 - Explain the difference between the rate law for a...Ch. 14 - Write integrated rate laws for zero-order,...Ch. 14 - What does the term half-life mean? Write the...Ch. 14 - How do reaction rates typically depend on...Ch. 14 - Prob. 15ECh. 14 - What is an Arrhenius plot? Explain the...Ch. 14 - Explain the meaning of the orientation factor in...Ch. 14 - Explain the difference between a normal chemical...Ch. 14 - In a reaction mechanism, what is an elementary...Ch. 14 - What are the two requirements for a proposed...Ch. 14 - What is an intermediate within a reaction...Ch. 14 - What is a catalyst? How does a catalyst increase...Ch. 14 - Explain the difference between homogeneous...Ch. 14 - What are the four basic steps involved in...Ch. 14 - What are enzymes? What is the active site of an...Ch. 14 - What is the general two-step mechanism by which...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction. 2HBr(g)H2(g)+Br2(g) Express...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction 2N2O(g)2N2(g)+O2(g) Express...Ch. 14 - For the reaction 2A(g)+B(g)3C(g) determine the...Ch. 14 - For the reaction A(g)+12B(g)2C(g) determine the...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction. Cl2(g)+3F2(g)2ClF3(g)...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction. 8H2S(g)+4O2(g)8H2O(g)+S8(g)...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction: C4H8(g)2C2H4(g) The...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction: NO2(g)NO(g)+12O2(g) The...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction. H2(g)+Br2(g)2HBr(g) The...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction. 2H2O2(aq)2H2O(l)+O2(g) The...Ch. 14 - This graph shows a plot of the rate of a reaction...Ch. 14 - This graph shows a plot of the rate of a reaction...Ch. 14 - What are the units of k for each type of reaction?...Ch. 14 - This reaction is first order in N2O5:...Ch. 14 - A reaction in which A, B, and C react to form...Ch. 14 - A reaction in which A, B, and C react to form...Ch. 14 - Consider the tabulated data showing initial rate...Ch. 14 - Consider the tabulated data showing initial rate...Ch. 14 - The tabulated data were collected for this...Ch. 14 - The tabulated data were collected for this...Ch. 14 - Indicate the order of reaction consistent with...Ch. 14 - Indicate the order of reaction consistent with...Ch. 14 - The tabulated data show the concentration of AB...Ch. 14 - The tabulated data show the concentration of N2O5...Ch. 14 - The tabulated data show the concentration of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 52ECh. 14 - This reaction was monitored as a function of time:...Ch. 14 - This reaction was monitored as a function of time:...Ch. 14 - Prob. 55ECh. 14 - Prob. 56ECh. 14 - Prob. 57ECh. 14 - Prob. 58ECh. 14 - The diagram shows the energy of a reaction as the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 60ECh. 14 - Prob. 61ECh. 14 - Prob. 62ECh. 14 - Prob. 63ECh. 14 - The rate constant (k) for a reaction is measured...Ch. 14 - The tabulated data shown here were collected for...Ch. 14 - Prob. 66ECh. 14 - The tabulated data were collected for the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 68ECh. 14 - A reaction has a rate constant of 0.0117/s at...Ch. 14 - A reaction has a rate constant of 0.000122/s at...Ch. 14 - Prob. 71ECh. 14 - Prob. 72ECh. 14 - Prob. 73ECh. 14 - Prob. 74ECh. 14 - Prob. 75ECh. 14 - Prob. 76ECh. 14 - Consider this three-step mechanism for a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 78ECh. 14 - Prob. 79ECh. 14 - Prob. 80ECh. 14 - Suppose that a catalyst lowers the activation...Ch. 14 - The activation barrier for the hydrolysis of...Ch. 14 - The tabulated data were collected for this...Ch. 14 - Prob. 84ECh. 14 - Consider the reaction: A+B+CD The rate law for...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction: 2O3(g)3O2(g) The rate law...Ch. 14 - At 700 K acetaldehyde decomposes in the gas phase...Ch. 14 - Prob. 88ECh. 14 - Dinitrogen pentoxide decomposes in the gas phase...Ch. 14 - Cyclopropane (C3H6) reacts to form propene (C3H6)...Ch. 14 - Iodine atoms combine to form I2 in liquid hexane...Ch. 14 - Prob. 92ECh. 14 - The reaction AB(aq)A(g)+B(g) is second order in AB...Ch. 14 - The reaction 2H2O2(aq)2H2O(l)+O2(g) is first order...Ch. 14 - Consider this energy diagram: a. How many...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction in which HCI adds across the...Ch. 14 - The desorption of a single molecular layer of...Ch. 14 - The evaporation of a 120-nm film of n-pentane from...Ch. 14 - Prob. 99ECh. 14 - Prob. 100ECh. 14 - Prob. 101ECh. 14 - Consider the two reactions: O+N2NO+NEa= 315 kJ/mol...Ch. 14 - Anthropologists can estimate the age of a bone or...Ch. 14 - Prob. 104ECh. 14 - Consider the gas-phase reaction: H2(g)+I2(g)2HI(g)...Ch. 14 - Consider the reaction:...Ch. 14 - Prob. 107ECh. 14 - Prob. 108ECh. 14 - A certain substance X decomposes. Fifty percent of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 110ECh. 14 - Prob. 111ECh. 14 - Prob. 112ECh. 14 - Prob. 113ECh. 14 - Prob. 114ECh. 14 - Prob. 115ECh. 14 - Prob. 116ECh. 14 - Phosgene (Cl2CO), a poison gas used in World War...Ch. 14 - The rate of decomposition of N2O3(g) to NO2(g) and...Ch. 14 - At 473 K, for the elementary reaction...Ch. 14 - Prob. 120ECh. 14 - Prob. 121ECh. 14 - A particular reaction, Aproducts has a rate that...Ch. 14 - Prob. 123ECh. 14 - A certain compound, A, reacts to form products...Ch. 14 - Methane (CH4) is a greenhouse gas emitted by...Ch. 14 - This graph shows the concentration of the reactant...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 3SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 4SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 5SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 6SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 7SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 14 - The rate constant of a reaction is measured at...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10SAQCh. 14 - The mechanism shown here is proposed for the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12SAQCh. 14 - These images represent the first-order reaction AB...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 15SAQ
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- You are a Quality Manager for a very well-known food ingredient company that produces umami powder, and you are responsible for setting specification limits. The net weight (in grams) of bags of unami powder is monitored by taking samples of six bags on an hourly basis during production. The label on every bag reports a contents of 1KG umami powder. The process mean is μ = 1012 g, and when the process is properly adjusted, it varies with σ = 11 g. QUESTION: Using all the available information, set the upper and lower specification limits.arrow_forward43) 10.00 ml of vinegar (active ingredient is acetic acid) is titrated to the endpoint using 19.32 ml of 0.250 M sodium hydroxide. What is the molarity of acetic acid in the vinegar? YOU MUST SHOW YOUR WORK. NOTE: MA x VA = MB x VBarrow_forward424 Repon Sheet Rates of Chemical Reactions : Rate and Order of 1,0, Deception B. Effect of Temperature BATH TEMPERATURE 35'c Yol of Oh نام Time 485 Buret rend ing(n) 12 194 16. 6 18 20 10 22 24 14 115 95 14738 2158235 8:26 CMS 40148 Total volume of 0, collected Barometric pressure 770-572 ml mm Hg Vapor pressure of water at bath temperature (see Appendix L) 42.2 Slope Compared with the rate found for solution 1, there is Using the ideal gas law, calculate the moles of O; collected (show calculations) times faster 10 Based on the moles of O, evolved, calculate the molar concentration of the original 3% 1,0, solution (sho calculations)arrow_forward
- Steps and explanations pleasearrow_forwardUse diagram to answer the following: 1.Is the overall rxn endo- or exothermic. Explain briefly your answer____________________2. How many steps in this mechanism?_____________3. Which is the rate determining step? Explain briefly your answer____________________4. Identify (circle and label) the reactants,the products and intermediate (Is a Cation, Anion, or a Radical?) Please explain and provide full understanding.arrow_forwardDraw the entire mechanism and add Curved Arrows to show clearly how electrons areredistributed in the process. Please explain and provide steps clearly.arrow_forward
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