Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321885326
Author: Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 4TYK
Natural selection is sometimes described as “survival of the fittest.” Which of the following best measures an organism’s fitness?
a. how many fertile offspring it produces
b. how strong it is when pitted against others of its species
c. its ability to withstand environmental extremes
d. how much food it is able to make or obtain
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Your friend remarks, “The giraffe stretched its neck while reaching for higher leaves; as a result, its offspring inherited longer necks.” Which statement is the BEST response to correct your friend’s misconception?
A.
overproduction of offspring leads to a struggle for survival
B.
characteristics acquired during an organism’s life are generally not passed on through genes to its offspring
C.
only favorable adaptations have survival value and unfavorable adaptations are removed from the population
D.
disuse of an organ may lead to its eventual disappearance
Which of the following is the best description of sexual selection?
a.
Sexual selection is the differential reproductive success due to variation in acquiring immunity from mates.
b.
Sexual selection is the differential reproductive success due to variation in survival from social selection.
c.
Sexual selection is the differential reproductive success due to variation in acquiring mates or mating success.
d.
Sexual selection is the differential survival success due to variation in avoiding mates or mating success.
The good genes model of sexual selection is a popular hypothesis for mate choice. What is an underlying flaw with the hypothesis that must be explained?
Group of answer choices
A. there is no evidence for mate choice in animals
B. sexual selection will remove genetic variation for fitness
C.animals are not capable of a sense of beauty
D. different species have different traits that are important in mate choice
E. all genes confer equal fitness in lab experiments
Chapter 13 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
Ch. 13 - Summarize the key points of Darwins theory of...Ch. 13 - Complete this concept map describing potential...Ch. 13 - Which of the following did not influence Darwin as...Ch. 13 - Natural selection is sometimes described as...Ch. 13 - In an area of erratic rainfall, a biologist found...Ch. 13 - If an allele is recessive and lethal in...Ch. 13 - In a population with two alleles, B and b, the...Ch. 13 - Within a few weeks of treatment with the drug 3TC,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 13 - Write a paragraph briefly describing the kinds of...
Ch. 13 - In the early 1800s, French naturalist Jean...Ch. 13 - Sickle-cell disease is caused by a recessive...Ch. 13 - It seems logical that natural selection would work...Ch. 13 - SCIENTIFIC THINKING Cetaceans are fully aquatic...Ch. 13 - A population of snails is preyed on by birds that...Ch. 13 - Advocates of scientific creationism and...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- When taking the question, it would appear as: Consider global warming, a continual gradual increase in average temperatures. How might you expect this to affect natural selection? A.environmental changes are unpredictable, and natural selection is a random process, so it is difficult to predict outcome B.species from warmer climates are likely to expand their ranges into higher latitudes C.traits that increase reproductive success under warmer temperatures are likely to increase in frequency in a population D.the stress caused by higher temperatures will increase mutation ratesarrow_forwardWhich aspect(s) of natural selection is(are) illustrated by the figure below? Check ALL answers that apply. A. Variation among individuals must be genetically transmissible to the next generation. B. Variation must exist in a population. C. Variation among individuals leads to differences in lifetime reproductive success. D. More individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support, resulting in competition for survival.arrow_forwardYou are studying a genetically modified mouse that produces electric blue fur, which is not a fur color observed in nature. You notice that females prefer males that have the blue fur when given a choice test for mates. This result supports which of the following models of sexual selection? a. Sexual selection for indirect benefits b. Sexual selection for direct benefits c. Sexual selection for arbitrary traits d. None of the abovearrow_forward
- Some females seem to prefer the green colouration and some females seem to prefer the blue colouration. What type of selection is this an example of? a. stabilizing b. balancing c. directional d. diversifyingarrow_forward10) An adaptation is defined as a trait that increases an organism's Select one: a.ability to avoid predators b.fitness c.ability to find food d.survivalarrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following statements about natural selection is true (T) or false (F). Put either a T or an F in each box provided. a. Natural selection alters a population's gene pool b. Natural selection creates new alleles which increase the reproductive success of their owners c. Natural selection favors traits which it anticipates will be beneficial to a species in the future d. Natural selection can at times be observed in nature over the course of just a few decades e. Natural selection acts directly on an individual's phenotypearrow_forward
- Your friend remarks, "The giraffe stretched its neck while reaching for higher leaves; as a result, its offspring inherited longer necks." Which statement is the BEST response to correct your friend's misconception? O A. disuse of an organ may lead to its eventual disappearance B. only favorable adaptations have survival value and unfavorable adaptations are removed from the population C. characteristics acquired during an organism's life are generally not passed on through genes to its offspring D. overproduction of offspring leads to a struggle for survival e Type here to search Coarrow_forwardcan you please explain this Below is a life table for a hypothetical organism. What is the expected lifetime reproductive success for individuals carrying the A1 allele? (Note: RS: reproductive success) Question 3 options: 2.35 2.50 2.64 3.66 24.00arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between artificial selection (e.g., greyhounds that are bred for speed) and natural selection? a. In artificial selection, the genetic variation introduced into the population is limited, but in natural selection, it is not b. In artificial selection, the environment is the selective force, while in natural selection, humans are the selective force c. In natural selection, the environment is the selective force, while in artificial selection, humans are the selective force d. Unlike other species, dogs are not subject to natural selection e. Both A & Carrow_forward
- Assume you are studying a population of hummingbirds. You discover that the smallest hummingbirds can't keep their eggs warm and those eggs tend to fail. You also discover the largest hummingbirds tend to accidentally crush their eggs, so those eggs fail. The medium-size hummingbirds therefore have the highest fitness. What type of selection would this result in? a. Directional selection b. Sexual selection c. Disruptive selection d. Stabilizing selectionarrow_forwardMatch each term with the best description. 1. natural selection 2. domesticated 3. intentional breeding 4. artificial selection a. when the environment is the controlling agent b. when humans purposefully select a male and female for mating or breeding c. tamed or made appropriate for use by humans d. when humans act as the controlling agentarrow_forward1. THE PROCESS BY WHICH ORGANISMS CHANGE OVER TIME IS KNOWN AS 2. THE PROCESS WHEREBY ORGANISMS THAT ARE BETTER ADAPTED TO THEIR ENVIRONMENT TEND TO SURVIVE AND PRODUCE MORE OFFSPRING IS KNOWN AS 3. WHO DEVELOPED THE THEORY OF USE AND DISUSE? 4. WHICH THEORISTS SUGGESTED THAT ORGANISMS CAN "ACQUIRE" THE TRAITS NEEDED TO SURVIVE DURING A LIFE TIME? 5. WHICH THEORISTS SUGGESTED THAT ORGANISMS WITH BETTER TRAITS CAN SURVIVE AND REPRODUCE TO PASS THOSE FAVORABLE TRAITS TO THEIR OFFSPRING? 6. GENETIC VARIATION WAS A MAJOR FACTOR IN WHOSE THEORY? 7. "SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST" WAS COINED BY WHO?arrow_forward
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