Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321885326
Author: Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 14TYK
SCIENTIFIC THINKING Cetaceans are fully aquatic mammals that evolved from terrestrial ancestors. Gather information about the respiratory system of cetaceans and describe how it illustrates the statement made in Module 13.18 that “Evolution is limited by historical constraints.”
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
Ch. 13 - Summarize the key points of Darwins theory of...Ch. 13 - Complete this concept map describing potential...Ch. 13 - Which of the following did not influence Darwin as...Ch. 13 - Natural selection is sometimes described as...Ch. 13 - In an area of erratic rainfall, a biologist found...Ch. 13 - If an allele is recessive and lethal in...Ch. 13 - In a population with two alleles, B and b, the...Ch. 13 - Within a few weeks of treatment with the drug 3TC,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 13 - Write a paragraph briefly describing the kinds of...
Ch. 13 - In the early 1800s, French naturalist Jean...Ch. 13 - Sickle-cell disease is caused by a recessive...Ch. 13 - It seems logical that natural selection would work...Ch. 13 - SCIENTIFIC THINKING Cetaceans are fully aquatic...Ch. 13 - A population of snails is preyed on by birds that...Ch. 13 - Advocates of scientific creationism and...
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- Based on phylogeny and history of evolution, do new anatomical features such as lungs (amphibians) arise de novo or came from pre-existing structures of their ancestors (like gills of fish)? Explain.arrow_forwardA group of scientists examine the skeletal evidence below. Gibbon Orangutan Chimpanzee Gorilla Human What conclusion can be drawn from the diagram to support the theory of evolution? Man evolved from gorillas which evolved from chimpanzees. O Gibbons are most closely related to man because of similarities in their skeletal structure. O Orangutans have a larger jaw size than chimpanzees, allowing them to have a more carnivorous diet. Gorillas continued to walk on all four limbs to move around on the floor of forests, while man became bipedal to live in grasslands in order to hunt and carry food. O O O Oarrow_forwardYou have now studied three different types of anatomical structures. Homologous structures show individual variations on a common anatomical theme. These are seen in organisms that are closely related. 1. Give an example of a homologous structure from this activity: Analogous structures have very different anatomies but similar functions. These are seen in organismsthat are not necessarily closely related but live in similar environments and have similar adaptations. 2. Give an example of an analogous structure from this activity: Vestigial structures are anatomical remnants that were important in the organism's ancestors but are nolonger used in the same way. 3. Give an example of a vestigial structure from this activity:arrow_forward
- Pakicetus is an ancient wolf-like organism that lived 50 million year ago. It had wolf-like ears and nostrils on the front of its skull. Modem whales have a similar ear structure, but their nostrils are on the back of their skull. Aetiocetus lived 25 million years ago, had the same ear structure as both Pakicetus and modern whales, but nostrils in the middle of its skull. According to this information, the most likely concilusion that biologists could draw about the relationship of Aetiocetus to the other organisms is that Aetiocetus O evolved as whale ancestors lost their forward-placed nostrils through disuse. O is the ancestor of both Pakicetus and modern whales. O is not related to either Pakicetus or modern whales. O is a transitional form between Pakicetus and modern whales.arrow_forwardThe human esophagus and trachea share a passage leading from the mouth and nasal passages, which can cause problems. After reviewing vertebrate evolution in chapter 34, explain the evolutionary basis for this "imperfect" anatomy.arrow_forwardAll vertebrate embryos have a tail and gill slits at some point during embryonic development. What does this suggest about vertebrates? These species evolved in similar environments. These species have the exact same DNA sequence. The embryos of these species require these structures to survive. These species share a common ancestor.arrow_forward
- The number and location of bones within fossilized vertebrate skeletons are similar to those in living vertebrates. Most biologists explain this fact by saying that extinct and modern vertebrates had similar needs had different genes both struggled for existence both share a common ancestor 1 3 4 Nextarrow_forwardWRITE ABOUT A THEME: Organization You have seenmany examples of how form fits function at all levels of thebiological hierarchy. However, we can imagine forms thatwould function better than some forms actually found innature. For example, if the wings of a bird were not formedfrom its forelimbs, such a hypothetical bird could fly yet alsohold objects with its forelimbs. In a short essay (100–150words), use the concept of “evolution as tinkering” to explainwhy there are limits to the functionality of forms in nature.arrow_forwardWhy do penguins, seals, and tuna havesimilar body forms that permit rapid swimming? all share a common ancestor at some point in the past. all of their bodies have been compressed since birth by intensive underwater pressures. flying, pregnancy, and gill-breathing all require similar adaptations in form. the shape is a convergent evolutionary adaptation that reduces drag while swimming. this is the only shape that will allow them to maintain a constant body temperature in water.arrow_forward
- Mammals have a particularly good sense of earing thanks to their inner ear which includes three tiny bones. Reptiles, in contrast, have a single inner ear bone. The lower jaw of reptiles is composed of multiple bones while the lower jaw of mammals is a single bone. Fossil and developmental evidence indicate that the inner ear bones of mammals evolved from lower jawbones. This suggests that the inner ear bones of mammals are 1. an analogy 2. an exaptation 3. a living fossil 4. a transitional trait 5. a vestigial structurearrow_forwardIn 1822, an Arkansas farmer discovered a fossil when a hill collapsed on his property. The farmer sent the bones to the Philadelphia society to be reviewed by scientists where it was determined that the bones were from a whale. Through research, the scientists discovered whales have a vestigial structure that includes a pelvic girdle and hind limbs. Which evidence best supports the theory that organisms, such as whales, have common ancestry and have evolved? Select all that apply. O Ostriches and emus are flightless birds. Ancient cave paintings depict humans and bulls thousands of years ago. More than 96% of human DNA is identical to chimpanzee DNA. In the early stages of embryonic development, humans, rabbits, fish, and salamanders look very similar. O Scientists discovered eight genetic variants in four regions of the human genome that influence skin color ranging from very light to very dark.arrow_forwardPart A Which of the following statements regarding the diversification of animals is supported by the current available evidence? sponges are a paraphyletic group of organisms ctenophores are basal metazoans most animals belong to the clade Bilateria animals descended from multiple ancestors Submit Provide Feedback Request Answerarrow_forward
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