Bundle: Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th + WebAssign Printed Access Card for Serway/Jewett's Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th Edition, Multi-Term
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781133422013
Author: Raymond A. Serway; John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 48P
(a)
To determine
The seismic waves which arrives at
(b)
To determine
The time difference between the arrivals.
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Two points A and B on the surface of the Earth are at the same longitude and = 70.0° apart in latitude as shown in the figure
below. Suppose an earthquake at point A creates a P wave that reaches point B by traveling straight through the body of the
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and S waves, Rayleigh waves are a third type of seismic wave that travels along the surface of the Earth rather than through the
bulk of the Earth.
B
Path of
P wave
Ө
Path of
Rayleigh wave
(a) Which of these two seismic waves arrives at B first?
O the Rayleigh wave
the longitudinal P wave
(b) What is the time difference between the arrivals of these two waves at B? (The radius of the Earth is 6370 km.)
246
X
Your response differs from the correct answer by more than 10%. Double check your calculations, s
A certain ocean wave has a frequency of .07HZ and a wavelength of 10 meters.
What is the waves speed?
O 07 m/s
O 10 m/s
O1 m/s
O 70m/s
A P-wave from an earthquake travels at a speed of 13 km/s through the Earth's inner core. The density of the
kg
inner core is about 13-
cm3
13000 , close to that of mercury. From the speed of a P wave, determine the bulk
m3
modulus of the inner core material in units of
N
= Pa. Remember, you are squeezing rock!
m2
O 1.3 × 104
O 2.2 x 1012
O 7.7 × 10–5
O 1.7 × 108
none of these.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Bundle: Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th + WebAssign Printed Access Card for Serway/Jewett's Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text, 5th Edition, Multi-Term
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- Earthquakes at fault lines in the Earths crust create seismic waves, which are longitudinal (P waves) or transverse (S waves). The P waves have a speed of about 7 km/s. Estimate the average bulk modulus of the Earths crust given that the density of rock is about 2 500 kg/m3.arrow_forwardProblems 32 and 33 are paired. N Seismic waves travel outward from the epicenter of an earthquake. A single earthquake produces both longitudinal seismic waves known as P waves and transverse waves known as S waves. Both transverse and longitudinal waves can travel through solids such as rock. Longitudinal waves can travel through fluids, whereas transverse waves can only be sustained near the surface of a fluid, not inside the fluid. When seismic waves encounter a fluid medium such as the liquid outer core of the Earth, only the longitudinal P wave can propagate through. Geophysicists can model the interior of the Earth by knowing where and when S and P waves were detected by seismographs after an earthquake (Fig. P17.32). Assume the average speed of an S wave through the Earths mantle is 5.4 km/s and the average speed of a P wave is 9.3 km/s. After an earthquake, a seismograph finds that the P wave arrives 1.5 min before the S wave. How far is the epicenter from the detector? FIGURE P17.32arrow_forwardAn earthquake generates two types of seismic waves, P-waves and S-waves. Their speeds are 8000 m/s and 5000 m/s, respectively. The waves reach the observation point with a time difference of 1.8 min. Assume that the waves travel in a straight line. How far from the observation point the earthquake occurred?arrow_forward
- When a earthquake occurs, transverse and longitudinal waves are produced. These waves do not have the same speed, so one way to detect the hypocenter of the earthquake is to know the time difference between the waves. If the transversal ones travel at 14.5 km/s and the longitudinal ones at 7.8 km/s, at what depth did the earthquake occur if they reach the epicenter 14 seconds apart?arrow_forwardTwo points A and B on the surface of the Earth are at the same longitude and 60.0° apart in latitude as shown. Suppose an earthquake at point A creates a P wave that reaches point B by traveling straight through the body of the Earth at a constant speed of 7.80 km/s. The earthquake also radiates a Rayleigh wave that travels at 4.50 km/s. In addition to P and S waves, Rayleigh waves are a third type of seismic wave that travels along the surface of the Earth rather than through the bulk of the Earth. (a) Which of these two seismic waves arrives at B first? (b) What is the time difference between the arrivals of these two waves at B?arrow_forwardSuppose that there is a seismic P wave traveling at 5.1 x 103 m/s with a wavelength of 2.1 x 103 m. (a) Find the wave's frequency.(b) Find the average speed of a particle of the earth's surface at a point where the wave amplitude is 2.3 cm.arrow_forward
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