Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Question
Chapter 13, Problem 1ITD
Summary Introduction
To review:
The necessity to define the data in terms of adduct quantity in µg (micrograms) of DNA and not in the form of in total quantity of adduct.
Introduction:
DNA is a crucial component of chromosomes. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) carries the genetic information that passes from parents to the offspring. The changes in the external or internal environment may result in the mutation of chromosomes, which may cause genetic defects.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Any permanent change to the structure of DNA is considered a mutation. A somatic cell mutation affects only the individual organism, while a germline mutation is passed onto the next generation.
For example, excessive amount of exposure to UV rays can lead to skin cancer. Although this type of mutation occurs in the somatic cells, every individual has different susceptibility to skin cell mutations upon exposure to UV rays.
The susceptibility is located in the germ cell and is heritable. The individuals who choose to overexpose themselves to UV rays increase their likelihood of obtaining undesirable mutations in their somatic cells.
Unlike suntanning, there are other activities we engage in that can lead to germline mutations. These activities should be avoided if possible as they lead to heritable mutations and cancer.
Using 200 words or less, identify one human activity that can lead to a heritable mutation.
Explain how it affects the individual and how it can be passed onto the…
A subset of colorectal cancers is associated with mutations in the Mut genes which code for proteins involved in repairing DNA mismatches. How would mutations in the Mut genes affect the DNA of an individual?
Genes with highly similar sequence are often located adjacent one another in the genome. Gene duplication commonly arises from errors in replication. When the organization of such adjacent genes is in an inverted orientation, this can reduce the expression of other genes that have similar sequence and are located on other chromosomes. Explain the mechanism of how this generally occurs.
Please state the answer in details: what is the mechanism?
How it happens?
Why this happens?
When it happens?
And every other necessary information.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 13.1 - You want to determine whether genes a and b are...Ch. 13.2 - You have a true-breeding strain of...Ch. 13.3 - What mechanisms are responsible for: (a)...Ch. 13.4 - A man has Simpson syndrome, an addiction to a...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 13.5 - Prob. 1SBCh. 13 - In humans, redgreen color blindness is an X-linked...Ch. 13 - The following pedigree shows the pattern of...Ch. 13 - Individuals affected by a condition known as...Ch. 13 - A number of genes carried on the same chromosome...
Ch. 13 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 13 - Discuss Concepts Can a linkage map be made for a...Ch. 13 - In Drosophila, two genes, one for body color and...Ch. 13 - Another gene in Drosophila determines wing length....Ch. 13 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 13 - You conduct a cross in Drosophila that produces...Ch. 13 - Discuss Concepts Crossing-over does not occur...Ch. 13 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 13 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 13 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 13 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 13 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 13 - Prob. 3ITDCh. 13 - Prob. 4ITD
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Discuss the following types of mutations, with reference to specific genetic disorders: i) Chromosomal deletion; ii) Reciprocal translocation; and iii) Haploinsufficiencyarrow_forwardTrue/False: When first discovered, investigators found it surprising that some single-gene defects causing immunodeficiency syndromes were associated with hypersensitivities to ionizing radiation, thereby leading to increased rates of cancer. The genes accounting for this dual impairment encode ubiquitously expressed DNA repair proteins.arrow_forwardDiscuss the following mutations with reference to specific genetic disorders: i) Faulty DNA repair; ii) Gain-of-function; and iii) Trinucleotide repeats. Give steps for each mutations.arrow_forward
- "While other proteins come and go during the cell cycle, the proteins of the origin recognition complex remain bound to the DNA throughout" is true or false.arrow_forwardWHIM syndrome is a disease of the immunesystem resulting in warts and frequent infections.The disease is caused by a dominant gain-of-functionmutation in a gene on chromosome 2 called CXCR4.A 38-year-old woman suffering with WHIM syndrome her entire life was suddenly and mysteriouslycured. Genome analysis of her blood precursor cells(stem cells) revealed that many of these cells had achromosome 2 that had undergone chromotripsis—arare (and poorly understood) process where a chromosome is “shattered” into small pieces that are subsequently stitched back together in random order, resultingin many deletions and inversions. Explain howchromotripsis of chromosome 2 in a blood stem cellcould have cured the woman of WHIM syndrome.arrow_forwardMost cells are unable to copy the ends of chromosomes, and therefore chromosomes shorten with each cell division. This limits the number of times a cell can divide. In germ cells and stem cells, however, an enzyme called telomerase lengthens the telomeres and prevents chromosome shortening. Thus, these cells are not limited in the number of times they can divide. All cells have the gene for telomerase, but most somatic cells don’t express it, and they produce no telomerase. Why don’t somatic cells express telomerase and have unlimited division?arrow_forward
- Are mutations that arise during mitosis or meiosis the same? Explain in 15 sentences.arrow_forwardIn Metastatic Breast Cancer [such as in Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma; Breast Invasive Carcinoma, NOS; Breast Invasive Cancer, NOS; Invasive Breast Carcinoma; Breast Invasive Lobular Carcinoma; Breast Mixed Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma] what role does the genes Tp53 and Tp63 have? Would one of them affect the other (i.e. mutation, etc) or there is not relationship among the two genes at all.arrow_forwardsuggest reasons for why DNA mutations are not all phenotypic.arrow_forward
- Explain in detail the meaning of gene fusion. How is this process related to prostate cancer development?arrow_forwardThe dominant condition elliptocytosis causes red blood cells to become misshapen into oval-shaped cells. One of the genes responsible for the abnormal shape encodes the band 4.1 protein that together with ankyrin and other scaffold proteins creates and maintains the spherical concave shape of a normal red blood cell. The gene for band 4.1 protein, EPB41, is found on the p arm of chromosome 1. This is very close to the gene encoding the red blood cell Rhesus (Rh) blood type, either phenotype + (dominant) or - (recessive), with a recombination frequency of 2%. This means that 98% of the time alleles for these two genes are linked and are transmitted together. Diane and Jack are siblings, and both have elliptocytosis and Rh+ blood type. Due to the elliptocytosis, both had emergency splenectomies after having severe anemia. Their younger brother, Devonté, has not yet shown signs of elliptocytosis, but has Rh- blood. André, their dad, also has elliptocytosis and Rh+ blood; while their…arrow_forward"In most differentiated tissues, daughter cells retain a memory of gene expression patterns that were present in the parent cell through mechanisms that do not involve changes in the sequence of their genomic DNA" is true or false.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
What are Mutations and what are the different types of Mutations?; Author: Science ABC;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I16YlE8qTBU;License: Standard youtube license