Biological Science
Biological Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321743671
Author: Scott Freeman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 16TYPSS
Summary Introduction

To analyze:

(a) An experimental study designed to test the given hypothesis that the ability to withstand extreme drying reduces any infection from fungus in this rotifer species.

(b) To provide an explanation for how the genetically identical, asexual rotifers are able to evade pathogens.

Introduction:

Rotifers are small aquatic animals and fall under the Rotifera phylum. Their size ranges from 50 to 1000 µm. They are found in a variety of habitats like freshwater, brackish, and marine environments and they have very high reproductive rates. A species of rotifer, a small freshwater invertebrate, abandoned sexual reproduction millions of years ago. A remarkable feature of the rotifer’s life cycle is its ability to withstand extreme drying. When the watery environment surrounding the rotifer dries out, so does the rotifer, and it can be blown in the wind to a new environment. Rotifers that are blown to water will rehydrate and resume an active life.

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A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?   The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.   An isotonic solution had been added instead of water.   A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water.   Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.   The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
A sample of blood was taken from the above individual and prepared for haemoglobin analysis. However, when water was added the cells did not lyse and looked normal in size and shape. The technician suspected that they had may have made an error in the protocol – what is the most likely explanation?   The cell membranes are more resistant than normal.   An isotonic solution had been added instead of water.   A solution of 0.1 M NaCl had been added instead of water.   Not enough water had been added to the red blood cell pellet.   The man had sickle-cell anaemia.
With reference to their absorption spectra of the oxy haemoglobin intact line) and deoxyhemoglobin (broken line) shown in Figure 2 below, how would you best explain the reason why there are differences in the major peaks of the spectra? Figure 2. SPECTRA OF OXYGENATED AND DEOXYGENATED HAEMOGLOBIN OBTAINED WITH THE RECORDING SPECTROPHOTOMETER 1.4 Abs < 0.8 06 0.4 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 nm 1. The difference in the spectra is due to a pH change in the deoxy-haemoglobin due to uptake of CO2- 2. There is more oxygen-carrying plasma in the oxy-haemoglobin sample. 3. The change in Mr due to oxygen binding causes the oxy haemoglobin to have a higher absorbance peak. 4. Oxy-haemoglobin is contaminated by carbaminohemoglobin, and therefore has a higher absorbance peak 5. Oxy-haemoglobin absorbs more light of blue wavelengths and less of red wavelengths than deoxy-haemoglobin
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