MOLECULAR NATURE OF MATTER 7/E LL W/AC
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781119664796
Author: JESPERSEN
Publisher: WILEY
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 13, Problem 16RQ
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The dependence of reaction rate on the concentration differs between zero-order and first-order and between first-order and second-order reactions, is to be explained.
Concept Information:
The
It may also be defined as the concentration of the reactant that is transformed into the product at a particular unit of time.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 13 Solutions
MOLECULAR NATURE OF MATTER 7/E LL W/AC
Ch. 13 - The iodate ion reacts with sulfite ions in the...Ch. 13 - Hydrogen sulfide burns in oxygen ro form sulfur...Ch. 13 - Use the graph in Figure 13.5 to estimate the rare...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.4 Use the graph in Figure...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5PECh. 13 - The rate law for the decomposition of HItoI2andH2...Ch. 13 - The reaction, BrO3-+3SO32-Br-+3SO42- has the rate...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.8
A certain reaction has an...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.9
For the reaction of with...Ch. 13 - Use the data from the other four experiments in...
Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.11
Use the rate law...Ch. 13 - The following reaction is investigated to...Ch. 13 - Ordinary sucrose (table sugar) reacts with water...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.14 A certain reaction has the...Ch. 13 - When designing a consumer product, it is desirable...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.16
In Practice Exercise...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.17
In Practice Exercise...Ch. 13 -
Practice Exercise 13.15
From the answer to...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.19 The radioactive isotope,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20PECh. 13 - Prob. 21PECh. 13 - For the reaction in Example 13.10, determine how...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.23
A sample of nitrosyl...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.24
The reaction is second...Ch. 13 - Suppose that the value of t1/2 for a certain...Ch. 13 - The reaction CH3I+HICH4+I2 was observed to have...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.27
Ozone decomposes to form...Ch. 13 - Prob. 28PECh. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.29
Select the reactions below...Ch. 13 - Ozone, O3, reacts with nitric oxide, NO, to form...Ch. 13 - Practice Exercise 13.31
The mechanism for the...Ch. 13 - Why are chemical reactions usually carried out in...Ch. 13 - 13.2 Give an example from everyday experience of...Ch. 13 - 13.3 What is a homogeneous reaction? What is a...Ch. 13 - How does particle size affect the rate of a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5RQCh. 13 - 13.6 The rate of hardening of epoxy glue depends...Ch. 13 - 13.7 A PolaroidTM instant photograph develops...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8RQCh. 13 - 13.9 Persons who have been submerged in very cold...Ch. 13 - How does an instantaneous rate of reaction differ...Ch. 13 - What is the difference between the rate of...Ch. 13 - Explain how the initial instantaneous rate of...Ch. 13 - 13.13 What are the units of reaction rate? What is...Ch. 13 - 13.14 Describe how to determine the instantaneous...Ch. 13 - What are the units of the rate constant for (a) a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 16RQCh. 13 - Prob. 17RQCh. 13 - If the concentration of a reactant is doubled and...Ch. 13 - If the concentration of a reactant is doubled and...Ch. 13 - If the concentration of a reactant is doubled, by...Ch. 13 - In an experiment, the concentration of a reactant...Ch. 13 - Biological reactions usually involve the...Ch. 13 - Rearrange the integrated rate equations for (a) a...Ch. 13 - 13.24 How is the half-life of a first-order...Ch. 13 - 13.25 How is the half-life of a second-order...Ch. 13 - How is the half-life of a zero-order reaction...Ch. 13 - 13.27 Derive the equations for for first- and...Ch. 13 - 13.28 The integrated rate law for a zero-order...Ch. 13 - Which of the following graphs represents the data...Ch. 13 - 13.30 What is the basic postulate of collision...Ch. 13 - What two factors influence the effectiveness of...Ch. 13 - In terms of the kinetic theory, why does an...Ch. 13 - Prob. 33RQCh. 13 - Prob. 34RQCh. 13 - Draw a potential energy diagram for an exothermic...Ch. 13 - 13.36 Some might say that the “transition state...Ch. 13 - What is the activation energy? How is the...Ch. 13 - 13.38 The decomposition of carbon dioxide,
has an...Ch. 13 - 13.39 Draw the potential energy diagram for an...Ch. 13 - What is the definition of an elementary process?...Ch. 13 - What is a rate-determining step?Ch. 13 - What is an intermediate in the context of reaction...Ch. 13 - Free radicals are discussed in Chemistry Outside...Ch. 13 - Suppose we compared two reactions, one requiring...Ch. 13 - In what way is the rate law for a reaction related...Ch. 13 - How does an elementary process relate to (a) the...Ch. 13 - How does a catalyst increase the rate of a...Ch. 13 - 13.48 What is a homogeneous catalyst? How does it...Ch. 13 - What is the purpose of the catalytic converter...Ch. 13 - Tell how you would recognize a catalyst in a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 51RQCh. 13 - Why should leaded gasoline not be used in cars...Ch. 13 - The following data were collected at a certain...Ch. 13 - 13.54 The following data were collected for the...Ch. 13 - For the reaction, 2A+B3C, it was found that the...Ch. 13 - In the reaction, 3H2+N22NH3, how does the rate of...Ch. 13 - In the combustion of hexane (a low-boiling...Ch. 13 - At a certain moment in the reaction 2N2O54NO2+O2...Ch. 13 - Consider the reaction,...Ch. 13 - 13.60 The decomposition of phosphine, a very toxic...Ch. 13 - 13.61 Estimate the rate of the reaction,
given...Ch. 13 - 13.62 Estimate the rate of the reaction,
given...Ch. 13 - The oxidation of NO (released in small amounts in...Ch. 13 - The rate law for the decomposition of N2O5 is rate...Ch. 13 - The rate law for a certain enzymatic reaction is...Ch. 13 - 13.66 Radon-220 is radioactive, and decays into...Ch. 13 - The following data were collected for the reaction...Ch. 13 - Cyclopropane, C3H6, is a gas used as a general...Ch. 13 - 13.69 The reaction of iodide ion with hypochlorite...Ch. 13 - 13.70 The formation of small amounts of nitrogen...Ch. 13 - At a certain temperature, the following data were...Ch. 13 - The following data were obtained for the reaction...Ch. 13 - Data for the decomposition of SO2Cl2 according to...Ch. 13 - Prob. 74RQCh. 13 - The decomposition of SO2Cl2 described in Problem...Ch. 13 - 13.76 The decomposition of acetaldehyde, was...Ch. 13 - If it takes 75.0 min for the concentration of a...Ch. 13 - It takes 15.4 minutes for the concentration of a...Ch. 13 - The concentration of a drug in the body is often...Ch. 13 - 13.80 Phosphine, , decomposes into phosphorus, ,...Ch. 13 - Hydrogen iodide decomposes according to the...Ch. 13 - 13.82 The reaction of to form is second...Ch. 13 - Using the information determined in Problem 13.79,...Ch. 13 - The second-order rate constant for the...Ch. 13 - The half-life of a certain first-order reaction is...Ch. 13 - Strontium-90 has a half-life of 28 years. How long...Ch. 13 - 13.87 Using the graph from Problem 13.53,...Ch. 13 - Using the graph from Problem 13.54, determine how...Ch. 13 - Hydrogen peroxide, which decomposes in a...Ch. 13 - SO2Cl2 decomposes in a first-order process with a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 91RQCh. 13 - A tree killed by being buried under volcanic ash...Ch. 13 - Prob. 93RQCh. 13 - Prob. 94RQCh. 13 - The following data were collected for a reaction:...Ch. 13 - Rate constants were measured at various...Ch. 13 - NOCl decomposes as:...Ch. 13 - 13.98. The conversion of cyclopropane, an...Ch. 13 - The decomposition of N2O5 has an activation energy...Ch. 13 - At 35C, the rate constant for the reaction...Ch. 13 - The oxidation of NO to NO2, one of the reactions...Ch. 13 - A reaction has the following mechanism:...Ch. 13 - If the reaction NO2+CONO+CO2 occured by a one-step...Ch. 13 - If the reaction 2NO2(g)+F2(g)2NO2F(g) occurred by...Ch. 13 - Consider the general reaction AB+CAC+B If this...Ch. 13 - Nitrogen dioxide reacts with carbon monoxide to...Ch. 13 - 13.107. The oxidation of nitrogen monoxide with...Ch. 13 - The reaction of chloroform and chlorine forms...Ch. 13 - The following data were collected for the reaction...Ch. 13 - The age of wine can be determined by measuring the...Ch. 13 - 13.111 On the following graph, label the products,...Ch. 13 - Carbon-14 dating can be used to estimate the age...Ch. 13 - *13.113 What percentage of cesium chloride made...Ch. 13 - For the following reactions, predict how the rate...Ch. 13 - One of the reactions that occurs in polluted air...Ch. 13 - * 13.116 Suppose a reaction occurs with the...Ch. 13 - The decomposition of urea, (NH2)2CO,in0.10MHCl...Ch. 13 - Show that for a reaction that obeys the general...Ch. 13 - 13.119 The rates of many reactions approximately...Ch. 13 - If the rate constant for a first-order reaction is...Ch. 13 - For the following potential energy diagram, which...Ch. 13 - Prob. 122RQCh. 13 - Prob. 123RQCh. 13 -
*13.124 The cooking of an egg involves the...Ch. 13 -
*13.125 The following question is based on...Ch. 13 - Prob. 126RQCh. 13 - The experimental rate law for the reaction...Ch. 13 - Radioactive samples are considered to become...Ch. 13 - Use a spreadsheet to generate a graph for the data...Ch. 13 - 13.130 Use a spreadsheet to generate separate...Ch. 13 - Prob. 131RQCh. 13 - The catalyzed decomposition of ethanol at 327C has...Ch. 13 - *13.133 On December 19, 2007, the T2 Laboratories,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 134RQCh. 13 - Prob. 135RQCh. 13 - Can a reaction have a negative activation energy?...Ch. 13 - *13.137 Assume you have a three-step mechanism....Ch. 13 - 13.138 What range of ages can dating reliably...Ch. 13 - 13.139 Why are initial reaction rates used to...Ch. 13 - If a reaction is reversible (i.e., the products...Ch. 13 - Prob. 141RQCh. 13 - *13.142 How would you measure the rate of an...Ch. 13 - * 13.143 For a reaction done on the ton scale,...Ch. 13 - 13.44 Can we use molality instead of molarity in...
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Explain how a species might be part of a rate law but not part of a balanced chemical reaction.arrow_forwardThe Raschig reaction produces the industrially important reducing agent hydrazine, N2H4, from ammonia, NH3, and hypochlorite ion, OCl−, in basic aqueous solution. A proposed mechanism is Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: What is the overall stoichiometric equation? Which step is rate-limiting? What reaction intermediates are involved? What rate law is predicted by this mechanism?arrow_forwardDerive an expression for the half-life of a a third order reaction;b a reaction whose order is =1; c a reaction whose order is 12. In these last two cases, examples are rare but known.arrow_forward
- The hydrolysis of the sugar sucrose to the sugars glucose and fructose, C12H22O11+H2OC6H12O6+C6H12O6 follows a first-order rate equation for the disappearance of sucrose: Rate =k[C12H22O11] (The products of the reaction, glucose and fructose, have the same molecular formulas but differ in the arrangement of the atoms in their molecules.) (a) In neutral solution, k=2.11011s1 at 27 C and 8.51011s1 at 37 C. Determine the activation energy, the frequency factor, and the rate constant for this equation at 47 C (assuming the kinetics remain consistent with the Arrhenius equation at this temperature). (b) When a solution of sucrose with an initial concentration of 0.150 M reaches equilibrium, the concentration of sucrose is 1.65107M . How long will it take the solution to reach equilibrium at 27 C in the absence of a catalyst? Because the concentration of sucrose at equilibrium is so low, assume that the reaction is irreversible. (c) Why does assuming that the reaction is irreversible simplify the calculation in pan (b)?arrow_forwardAs with any drug, aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) must remain in the bloodstream long enough to be effective. Assume that the removal of aspirin from the bloodstream into the urine is a lirst-order reaction, with a half-life of about 3 hours. The instructions on an aspirin bottle say to take 1 or 2 tablets every 4 hours. If a person takes 2 aspirin tablets, how much aspirin remains in the bloodstream when it is time for the second dose? (A standard tablet contains 325 mg of aspirin.)arrow_forwardMany biochemical reactions are catalyzed by acids. A typical mechanism consistent with the experimental results (in which HA is the acid and X is the reactant) is Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Derive the rate law from this mechanism. Determine the order of reaction with respect to HA. Determine how doubling the concentration of HA would affect the rate of the reaction.arrow_forward
- The initial rate for a reaction is equal to the slope of the tangent line at t 0 in a plot of [A] versus time. From calculus, initial rate = d[A]dt . Therefore. the differential rate law for a reaction is Rate = d[A]dt=k[A]n. Assuming you have some calculus in your background, derive the zero-, first-, and second-order integrated rate laws using the differential rate law.arrow_forwardOne experimental procedure that can be used to determine the rate law of a reaction is the method of initial rates. What data are gathered in the method of initial rates, and how are these data manipulated to determine k and the orders of the species in the rate law? Are the units for k. the rate constant, the same for all rate laws? Explain. If a reaction is first order in A, what happens to the rate if [A] is tripled? If the initial rate for a reaction increases by a factor of 16 when [A] is quadrupled, what is the order of n? If a reaction is third order in A and [A] is doubled, what happens to the initial rate? If a reaction is zero order, what effect does [A] have on the initial rate of a reaction?arrow_forwardAt 573 K, gaseous NO2(g) decomposes, forming NO(g) and O2(g). If a vessel containing NO2(g) has an initial concentration of 1.9 102 mol/L, how long will it take for 75% of the NO2(g) to decompose? The decomposition of NO2(g) is second-order in the reactant and the rate constant for this reaction, at 573 K, is 1.1 L/mol s.arrow_forward
- The type of rate law for a reaction, either the differential rate law or the integrated rate law, is usually determined by which data is easiest to collect. Explain.arrow_forwardThe decomposition of ozone is a second-order reaction with a rate constant of 30.6 atm1 s1 at 95 C. 2O3(g)3O2(g) If ozone is originally present at a partial pressure of 21 torr, calculate the length of time needed for the ozone pressure to decrease to 1.0 torr.arrow_forwardIf you know some calculus, derive the integrated first-order rate law for the reaction by following these steps: Define the reaction rate in terms of [A]. Write the rate law in terms of [A], k, and t. Separate variables in the rate law. Integrate the rate law. Write the integrated equation in the form . Derive the half-life as was done in Section 11-3c.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Physical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
Chemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physical Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133958437
Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning