Chapter 13, Problem 13A.3BE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The relative populations of the states of a two-level system have to be calculated when the temperature approaches zero.

Concept introduction:

Statistical thermodynamics is used to describe all the possible configurations in a system at given physical quantities such as pressure, temperature, and a number of particles in the system.  The important quantity in the thermodynamic is partition function that is represented as,

  $q\equiv {\displaystyle \sum _i{g}_i{e}^{-\beta {\in }_i}}$

It is also called canonical ensemble partition function.