Concept explainers
(a)
To determine: The comparison between the skeletal and smooth muscle contraction with respect to signal for crossbridge activation
Introduction: The skeletal muscles perform the function of attaching bones with the skin. The skeletal muscles perform voluntary muscular movements. The smooth muscles are present along the walls of the internal organs. They are involved in performing the involuntary muscular movements.
(b)
To compare: The skeletal and smooth muscle contraction on the basis of the source(s) of calcium required for Ca2+ signal.
Introduction: Calcium plays an important role in facilitating contraction by reacting with regulatory proteins. The absence of calcium prevents the interaction of actin and filament. The smooth muscles contain the same contractile elements as smooth muscles. They both contain actin and myosin that interact through the crossbridge.
(c)
To determine: The comparison between the skeletal and smooth muscle contraction on the basis of signal that releases Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Introduction: The Ca2+ plays an important role in initiating contraction of the muscles. The sarcoplasmic reticulum provides a source of Ca2+ for both the skeletal muscles and the smooth muscles. In addition, extracellular fluid also provides the source of Ca2+ for smooth muscles.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 12 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach Plus Mastering A&P with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (8th Edition) (What's New in Human Physiology)
- Green Algae, as a group, is actually paraphyletic with one subgroup more closely related to higher plants than the other. Which of the following green algae groups is more closely related to higher plants: a. Charophyceans b. Chlorophyceans c. Rhodophyta d. Xanthophyceansarrow_forwardA single-celled green algal genus that is motile with 2 flagella, has a cup shaped chloroplast, and an eyespot: a. Volvox b. Chlamydomonas c. Euglena d. Codiumarrow_forwardA[n] ___ is produced by members of the Myxomycota when there is a lack of moisture. a. plasmodiocarp b. aethalium c. sclerotium d. plasmodiumarrow_forward
- Which of the following is not true about the life-cycle of Fucus. a. 8 eggs per oogonium b. 64 sperm per antheridium c. eggs are flagellated d. sperm are flagellatedarrow_forwardGreen Algae, as a group, is actually paraphyletic with one subgroup more closely related to higher plants than the other. Which of the following green algae groups is more closely related to higher plants: a. Charophyceans b. Chlorophyceans c. Rhodophyta d. Xanthophyceansarrow_forwardCertain toxic terpenoids in this group is thought to deter herbivory but may also have some anti-tumor activity? a. green algae b. brown algae c. red algae d. golden algae e. none of thesearrow_forward
- In the cellular slime molds, the most common phase is: a. plasmodium b. pseudoplasmodial c. single cells as myxamoebae d. moundingarrow_forwardWhich of the following descriptive terms does not describe Hydrodictyon? a. colonial b. nonmotile c. 1 large reticulated chloroplast in each cell d. all of these describe Hydrodictyonarrow_forwardWhich of the following does not apply to Chara? a. "stoneworts" b. isogamous c. calcified walls d. apical growth with an axis and branchesarrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168130Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark WomblePublisher:OpenStax College