Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134293936
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 98E
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: Neither oil nor the glass fiber interferes with the diffraction pattern of the crystal
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In X-ray crystallography, a small amount of oil is often used to mount the crystal sample on a glass fiber. Explain why neither the oil nor the glass fiber interferes with the diffraction pattern of the crystal.
I am given a sample of an unknown metal X. The density of the metal is 8.90g/cm3. X-ray diffraction studies determine that the packaging of the metal is face centered cubic, and they also measure the radius of X to be 128pm. Find the identity of X.
An isotropic amorphous vitreous substance (meaning that it has the same
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and that it does not have a regular crystal structure).
crystals
O spectrometer
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
Ch. 12 - What is graphene? Why is graphene unique?Ch. 12 - Prob. 2ECh. 12 - What is a crystalline lattice? How is the lattice...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4ECh. 12 - Prob. 5ECh. 12 - What is the difference between hexagonal closest...Ch. 12 - What are the three basic types of solids and the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 8ECh. 12 - What kinds of forces hold each of the three basic...Ch. 12 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 12 - In an ionic compound, how are the relative sizes...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12ECh. 12 - Show how the fluorite structure accommodates a...Ch. 12 - Prob. 14ECh. 12 - Prob. 15ECh. 12 - Prob. 16ECh. 12 - Prob. 17ECh. 12 - Prob. 18ECh. 12 - Prob. 19ECh. 12 - Describe the difference between vitreous silica...Ch. 12 - Prob. 21ECh. 12 - Prob. 22ECh. 12 - Prob. 23ECh. 12 - Prob. 24ECh. 12 - What is a polymer? What is the difference between...Ch. 12 - Prob. 26ECh. 12 - Prob. 27ECh. 12 - An X-ray beam of unknown wavelength is diffracted...Ch. 12 - Prob. 29ECh. 12 - Determine the coordination number for each...Ch. 12 - Calculate the packing efficiency of the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 32ECh. 12 - Prob. 33ECh. 12 - Molybdenum crystallizes with the body-centred unit...Ch. 12 - Rhodium has a density of 12.41 g / cm3 and...Ch. 12 - Barium has a density of 3.59 g/cm3 and...Ch. 12 - Prob. 37ECh. 12 - Palladium crystallizes with a face-centered cubic...Ch. 12 - Prob. 39ECh. 12 - Identify each solid as molecular, ionic, or...Ch. 12 - Which solid has the highest melting point? Why?...Ch. 12 - Which solid has the highest melting point? Why?...Ch. 12 - Which solid in each pair has the higher melting...Ch. 12 - Which solid in each pair has the higher melting...Ch. 12 - Prob. 45ECh. 12 - Prob. 46ECh. 12 - The unit cells for cesium chloride and barium(ll)...Ch. 12 - Prob. 48ECh. 12 - Prob. 49ECh. 12 - Prob. 50ECh. 12 - Prob. 51ECh. 12 - Consider the zinc blende structure in Figure 12.14...Ch. 12 - Prob. 53ECh. 12 - Prob. 54ECh. 12 - Prob. 55ECh. 12 - What are the name and formula of the compound...Ch. 12 - Prob. 57ECh. 12 - Prob. 58ECh. 12 - Prob. 59ECh. 12 - Prob. 60ECh. 12 - Prob. 61ECh. 12 - How many molecular orbitals are present in the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 63ECh. 12 - Prob. 64ECh. 12 - Prob. 65ECh. 12 - Prob. 66ECh. 12 - Prob. 67ECh. 12 - Prob. 68ECh. 12 - Prob. 69ECh. 12 - Saran, the polymer used to make saran wrap, is an...Ch. 12 - One kind of polyester is a condensation copolymer...Ch. 12 - Nomex, a condensation copolymer used by...Ch. 12 - Prob. 73ECh. 12 - Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is an addition polymer...Ch. 12 - Prob. 75ECh. 12 - Prob. 76ECh. 12 - Prob. 77ECh. 12 - Prob. 78ECh. 12 - Prob. 79ECh. 12 - Prob. 80ECh. 12 - Prob. 81ECh. 12 - The density of an unknown metal is 12.3 g/cm3 and...Ch. 12 - An unknown metal is found to have a density of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 84ECh. 12 - Prob. 85ECh. 12 - Prob. 86ECh. 12 - Prob. 87ECh. 12 - Prob. 88ECh. 12 - Prob. 89ECh. 12 - Prob. 90ECh. 12 - Prob. 91ECh. 12 - Perovskite is a compound with a cubic unit cell...Ch. 12 - Prob. 93ECh. 12 - Despite Dalton's laws, it is now known that many...Ch. 12 - During the glass manufacturing process, the liquid...Ch. 12 - Why are X-rays used for crystallography? Why not...Ch. 12 - Compare the crystal structure of diamond (C) and...Ch. 12 - Prob. 98ECh. 12 - Prob. 99ECh. 12 - Have each group member select one of the cubic...Ch. 12 - Prob. 101ECh. 12 - Prob. 102ECh. 12 - Prob. 103ECh. 12 - Prob. 104ECh. 12 - Prob. 105ECh. 12 - Prob. 1SAQCh. 12 - A crystalline solid has a body-centered cubic...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 4SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 5SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 6SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 7SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 9SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 10SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 11SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 12SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 13SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 14SAQCh. 12 - Prob. 15SAQ
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- Metallic barium has a body-centered cubic structure (all atoms at the lattice points) and a density of 3.51 g/cm3. Assume barium atoms to be spheres. The spheres in a body-centered array occupy 68.0% of the total space. Find the atomic radius of barium. (See Problem 11.93.)arrow_forwardTransparent materials, such as some glasses, do not absorb any visible light. Why?arrow_forwardA crystalline sample has a diffraction peak at 15.6°. What is the corresponding d space in pm? Assume n = 1 and A = 90.1 pm. Report your answer to the ones place.arrow_forward
- The surface energy of a single crystal depends on crystallographic orientation. Does this surface energy increase or decrease with an increase in planar density? Why?arrow_forwardA crystal was analyzed using X-ray diffraction with radiation Element λ (pm ) from a chromium source. The observed angle was 10.25°. CO 179 Determine the distance between layers of the crystal. Cr 229 Cu 154 Fe 194 Мо 71.1 d = pmarrow_forwardWhich of the following steps is not part of structure determination by X-ray diffraction? A)- Growing a crystal. B) Exposure of the sample to high energy beams of light with a very long wavelength. C) Mathematical manipulation of the raw data to obtain an electron density map. D) Proposing a model consistent with the data in terms of atomic size and charge. E) All of these steps are necessary.arrow_forward
- Consider a metal with a BCC crystal structure and atomic weight 92.91 g/mole. When monochromatic x-ray radiation having a wavelength of (1.200x10^-1) nm is used, the angle of diffraction (2*theta) for the (211) set of planes in this metal occurs at (3.80x10^1) ° (first-order reflection). Compute the density of this metal in g/cm^3 Oarrow_forwardMetallic chromium has a body- centered cubic structure (all atoms at the lattice points) and a density of 3 7.20 g/cm³. Assume chromium atoms to be spheres. The spheres in a body- centered array оcсиру 68.0% of the total space. Find the atomic radius of chromium. The volume of a sphere is equal to 4Tr /3. Radius = %3|arrow_forwardWhen an X-ray beam with a wavelength of 126.5 pm is incident on a metal crystal, it produces a peak in the X-ray spectrum at 31.2°. Assuming n = 1, determine the separation between layers of atoms (in pm) that gives rise to this peak. Report your answer to 1 decimal place.arrow_forward
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