Automotive Technology: A Systems Approach (MindTap Course List)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781133612315
Author: Jack Erjavec, Rob Thompson
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 12, Problem 3RQ
What usually causes warpage in an aluminum cylin der head?
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Automotive Technology: A Systems Approach (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 12 - Explain staged and continuously variable value...Ch. 12 - Define valve margin.Ch. 12 - What usually causes warpage in an aluminum cylin...Ch. 12 - What are the two ways pushrods can be checked for...Ch. 12 - Which of the following is not true of knurling? It...Ch. 12 - True False? Fiats MultiAir system relies on...Ch. 12 - To allow the engine to run on the Atkinson cycle,...Ch. 12 - Prob. 8RQCh. 12 - To ensure proper seating of the valve, the valve...Ch. 12 - When checking valve fit, contact between the valve...
Ch. 12 - If the valve face and valve seat do not contact...Ch. 12 - Many engines with WT have a phaser mounted to the...Ch. 12 - Multiple valve engines tend to be more efficient...Ch. 12 - Which of the following is not a type of valve...Ch. 12 - Which of the following statements is not true?...Ch. 12 - While discussing the reasons for resurfacing a...Ch. 12 - While inspecting the timing gears of an engine:...Ch. 12 - Technician A says that positive valve stem seals...Ch. 12 - When fitting a freshly ground valve into a freshly...Ch. 12 - Technician A says off-square springs may cause...Ch. 12 - Technician A says it is not necessary to measure...Ch. 12 - Technician A uses a 30-degree stone for topping a...Ch. 12 - While discussing the Valvetronic system:...Ch. 12 - While checking a hydraulic phaser after the...Ch. 12 - While servicing a pair of aluminum cylinder heads:...
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- 4.16 aarrow_forward8. The thermal decomposition of nitric oxide at elevated temperatures 2NO → N₂+02 has been studied in a batch reactor where at temperatures below 2000K the rate expression that applies to low conversions is: r = kCm05 Co At high conversions, or when the initial mixture contains a high concentration of O2 the rate expression is given by: r = k' Cм0.5 C15C0,5 To explain these kinetics the following chain reaction mechanism has been proposed: Initiation: Propagation: 2NON₂O +0 k₂ E1=272.0 kJ/mol 0+ NO O₂+ N E₂-161.0 kJ/mol N+NO N₂+0 E3-1.4 kJ/mol K4 20+ MO₂+M E4=14.0 kJ/mol ks Termination: where M is any molecule capable of the energy transfer necessary to stabilize the oxygen molecule. Once appreciable amounts of O2 are present in the reaction mixture, the initiation reaction that is the primary source of atomic oxygen is no longer the first reaction. Instead, the following reaction begins to dominate the chain initiation process: Initiation (high O2): ks NO +0₂ NO₂+0 E5=198.0 kJ/mol a.…arrow_forward2:41 2) If the number-average degree of polymerization for styrene obtained by the bulk polymerization at 25°C is 5,000, what would be the number-average degree of polymerization if conducted in a 10% solution in toluene (900g of toluene per 100 g of styrene) under otherwise identical conditions? State any assumptions that are needed. (see Table 2-4). Table 2-4 Representative Values of Chain-Transfer Constants Monomer Styrene Chain-Transfer Agent T (°C) C x 104 Styrene 25 bas 0.279 * 50 0.35-0.78 Polystyrene 50 1.9-16.6 Benzoyl peroxide 50 0.13 Toluene 60 0.125 Methyl methacrylate Methyl methacrylate 30 0.117 70 0.2 Poly(methyl methacrylate) 50 0.22-1000 Benzoyl peroxide 50 0.01 Toluene 40 0.170 3) 2 3) Methyl methacrylate is copolymerized with 2-methylbenzyl methacrylate (M₁) in 1,4- dioxane at 60°C using AIBN as the free-radical initiator. (a) Draw the repeating unit of poly(2-methylbenzyl methacrylate). (b) From the data given in the table below, estimate the reactivity ratios of…arrow_forward
- A piston–cylinder device initially contains 0.6 m3 of saturated water vapor at 250 kPa. At this state, the piston is resting on a set of stops, and the mass of the piston is such that a pressure of 300 kPa is required to move it. Heat is now slowly transferred to the steam until the volume becomes 1 m3. Use the data from the steam tables. NOTE: This is a multi-part question. Once an answer is submitted, you will be unable to return to this part. Determine the final temperature. The final temperature is ºC. Determine the work done during this process Determine the total heat transferarrow_forwardConsider a mixture of carbon monoxide and water at 25°C:a. Does an azeotrope exist for this mixture at 25°C? If so, at what composition andpressure? If not, how do you know?b. If the total composition of the mixture is 10. mol% carbon monoxide, what will bethe pressure limits of VLE for this mixture at 25°C? show all the calculation stepsarrow_forwardA passive solar house was determined to lose heat to the outdoors at an average rate of 50,000 kJ/h during a typical 10-hour winter night. The house is to be maintained at 22°C at all times. Passive heating is accomplished by 50 glass containers each containing 20 L of water that is heated to 80°C during the day by absorbing solar energy. A 15-kW back-up electric resistance heater turns on whenever necessary to keep the house at 22°C. (a) How many hours does the electric heating system run during a typical winter night? (b) How many hours would the electric heater run during a typical winter night if the house did not have passive solar heating? For the density and specific heat of water at room temperature, use p = 1 kg/L and cp = 4.18 kJ/kg.°Carrow_forward
- A well-insulated rigid tank contains 3 kg of a saturated liquid-vapor mixture of water at 200 kPa. Initially, three-quarters of the mass is in the liquid phase. An electric resistance heater placed in the tank is now turned on and kept on until all the liquid in the tank is vaporized. Determine the entropy change of the water during this process.arrow_forwardHeat in the amount of 100 kJ is transferred directly from a hot reservoir (heat source) at 1200 K to a cold reservoir (heat sink) at 600 K. Calculate the entropy change of the two reservoirs and determine if the second law of thermodynamics is satisfied.arrow_forwardThe following chemical reaction takes place at 500K and 1 atm and the products leaves at 1000K aCH4 + b(O2 + 3.76N2)=7.7CO2 + 0.5CO + 2CH4+2.95O2 + 86.85N2 + cH2O use the specific heat capacity given in Table A-21 (Moran and Shapiro, page 755) and the heat of formation given in Tabble A-25 (Moran and Shapiro, page 763) determine: 1. The stoichiometric coefficients (a, b, and c) 2. The air-fuel ratio on a molar basis 3. The air-fuel ratio on a mass basis 4. The stoichiometric air fuel ratio 5. The excess air (%) 6. The lower heating value 7. The rate of heat transfer from the combustion chamber.arrow_forward
- 3. Nitric oxide is produced in the body by several different enzymes and acts as a signal that controls blood pressure, long-term memory, and other critical functions. The major route for removing NO from biological fluids is via reaction with O2 to give NO₂ 2NO(g) + O2(g) → 2NO2(g) The following table lists kinetics data for the reaction of NO with O2 at 25°C: Experiment 1 [NO] (M) 0.0235 2 0.0235 3 0.0470 4 0.0470 (a) Determine the rate law for the reaction (b) calculate the rate constant. [02]0 (M) Initial Rate (M/s) 0.0125 7.98 × 10-3 0.0250 15.9 × 10-3 0.0125 32.0 × 10-3 0.0250 63.5 x 10-3 5:32arrow_forwardA closed system of 122 moles of an ideal gas with constant-pressure heat capacity of cp = 2.5R expands isobarically from 52°C and 4.9 bar to 137°C, with a thermodynamic efficiency of 0.74. How much total work is involved in this process? Please report your answer to the nearest whole kJ and don't forget the sign: "-" if the work is negative, no sign if the work is positive.arrow_forwardLiquid toluene at 20°C is reversibly and isothermally compressed from 2.94 bar to 7.7 bar. What is the specific work, in J/kg, required to accomplish this? Some properties of liquid toluene at 20°C: β = 1.05 x 10-3 ºC-1 , κ = 8.96 x 10-5 bar-1 , V = 1154 cm3 kg-1. Please report your answer to 3 SF. Be very, very careful of units!arrow_forward
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