Finite Mathematics & Its Applications (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134437767
Author: Larry J. Goldstein, David I. Schneider, Martha J. Siegel, Steven Hair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 2FCCE
To determine
The meant by an initial value for the difference equation
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Refer to page 12 for a problem on solving a homogeneous differential equation.
Instructions:
• Simplify the equation into a homogeneous form.
Use appropriate substitutions to reduce complexity.
Solve systematically and verify the final result with clear back-substitutions.
Link:
[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]
Refer to page 36 for solving a bang-bang control problem.
Instructions:
•
Formulate the problem, identifying the control constraints.
•
•
Apply Pontryagin's Maximum Principle to derive the switching conditions.
Clearly illustrate the switching points in the control trajectory. Verify the solution satisfies the
optimality criteria.
Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]
Total marks 16
5.
Let (N,F,P) be a probability space and let X : N → R be a
random variable such that the probability density function is given by
f(x)=ex for x € R.
(i)
Find the characteristic function of the random variable X.
[8 Marks]
(ii) Using the result of (i), calculate the first two moments of
the random variable X, i.e., E(X") for n = 1,2.
(iii)
What is the variance of X.
[6 Marks]
[2 Marks]
Chapter 12 Solutions
Finite Mathematics & Its Applications (12th Edition)
Ch. 12.1 - Consider the difference equation...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 12.1 - Prob. 1ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 2ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 12.1 - For each of the difference equations in Exercises...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 7ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 8E
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 9ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 10ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 12ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 15ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 16ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 17ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 18ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 19ECh. 12.1 - Population Decline Moldova has negative population...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 21ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 22ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 23ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 24ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 25ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 26ECh. 12.1 - 27. Credit Card Mr. Jones owes $1000 on a credit...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 28ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 29ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 30ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 31ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 32ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 33ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 34ECh. 12.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 12.2 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 12.2 - Prob. 1ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 26ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 12.2 - Prob. 28ECh. 12.3 - Parachuting A parachutist opens her parachute...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 12.3 - 3. Retirement Fund Upon retirement, a person...Ch. 12.3 - Each of the graphs in Fig. 14 comes from a...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 12.3 - Each of the graphs in Fig. 14 comes from a...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 12.3 - Each of the graphs in Fig. 14 comes from a...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 12.3 - In Exercises 914, sketch a graph having the given...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 12.3 - In Exercises 914, sketch a graph having the given...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 16ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 29ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 31ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 32ECh. 12.3 - In these exercises, find a difference equation...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 35ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 12.4 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 12.4 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 12.4 - Prob. 1ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 2ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 12.4 - 6. Find the monthly payment on a 25-year $38,000...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 12.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 12.4 - In these exercises, use a table or graph of an...Ch. 12.4 - In these exercises, use a table or graph of an...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 12.5 - Glucose Infusion Glucose is being given to a...Ch. 12.5 - Light at Ocean Depths Sunlight is absorbed by...Ch. 12.5 - 1. Population Dynamics In a certain country with...Ch. 12.5 - Population Dynamics A small city with current...Ch. 12.5 - 3. Drug Absorption After a certain drug is...Ch. 12.5 - Elevation and Atmospheric Pressure The atmospheric...Ch. 12.5 - Spread of Information A sociological study was...Ch. 12.5 - Solution Concentration A cell is put into a fluid...Ch. 12.5 - Learning Curve Psychologists have found that in...Ch. 12.5 - Genetics Consider two genes A and a in a...Ch. 12.5 - Account Balance Thirty thousand dollars is...Ch. 12.5 - 10. Account Balance Rework Exercise 9, where...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 11ECh. 12.5 - Prob. 12ECh. 12.5 - Prob. 13ECh. 12.5 - Prob. 14ECh. 12.5 - Prob. 15ECh. 12.5 - Prob. 16ECh. 12.5 - Prob. 17ECh. 12.5 - Prob. 18ECh. 12.5 - In these exercises, answer the questions by...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 20ECh. 12 - Explain how a sequence of numbers is generated by...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2FCCECh. 12 - Prob. 3FCCECh. 12 - Prob. 4FCCECh. 12 - Prob. 5FCCECh. 12 - Prob. 6FCCECh. 12 - Prob. 7FCCECh. 12 - Prob. 8FCCECh. 12 - Prob. 9FCCECh. 12 - Prob. 10FCCECh. 12 - Prob. 1RECh. 12 - Prob. 2RECh. 12 - 3. Account Balance How much money would you have...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4RECh. 12 - Prob. 5RECh. 12 - Prob. 6RECh. 12 - Population Dynamics The population of a certain...Ch. 12 - 8. Mortgage The monthly payment on a 30-year...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9RECh. 12 - Prob. 10RECh. 12 - Prob. 11RECh. 12 - Prob. 12RECh. 12 - Prob. 13RECh. 12 - Prob. 14RECh. 12 - Prob. 1PCh. 12 - Prob. 2PCh. 12 - Prob. 3PCh. 12 - Prob. 4PCh. 12 - Prob. 5PCh. 12 - Prob. 6PCh. 12 - Prob. 7PCh. 12 - Prob. 8PCh. 12 - Prob. 9P
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- 6. Let P be the standard normal distribution, i.e., P is the proba- bility measure on (R, B(R)) given by 1 dP(x) = 를 = e dx. √2πT Consider the random variables 21 fn(x) = (1 + x²) en+2, x Є R, n Є N. Using the dominated convergence theorem, prove that the limit Total marks 9 exists and find it. lim E(fn) n∞ [9 Marks]arrow_forwardRefer to page 38 for solving an optimal control problem using dynamic programming. Instructions: • Define the value function and derive the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation. • Solve the HJB equation explicitly, showing all intermediate steps and justifications. Verify the solution satisfies the boundary conditions and optimality. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 18 for solving a second-order linear non-homogeneous differential equation. Instructions: Solve the associated homogeneous equation first. Use either the method of undetermined coefficients or variation of parameters for the particular solution. • Provide detailed steps for combining solutions into the general solution. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forward
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- Refer to page 30 for deriving the Euler-Lagrange equation for an optimal control problem. Instructions: • Use the calculus of variations to derive the Euler-Lagrange equation. Clearly define the functional being minimized or maximized. Provide step-by-step derivations, including all necessary boundary conditions. Avoid skipping critical explanations. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS3IZ9qoHazb9tC440 AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 32 for solving a linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) problem. Instructions: • Formulate the cost functional and state-space representation. • Derive the Riccati equation and solve it step-by-step. Clearly explain how the optimal control law is obtained. Ensure all matrix algebra is shown in detail. Link: [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forwardRefer to page 14 for solving a linear first-order differential equation. Instructions: • Convert the equation into its standard linear form. • Use integrating factors to find the solution. Show all steps explicitly, from finding the factor to integrating and simplifying the solution. Link [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wKSrun-GlxirS31Z9qoHazb9tC440AZF/view?usp=sharing]arrow_forward
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