
To determine:
An example of atleast one antibiotic inactivated by each of the resistance mechanisms presented.
Concept introduction:
Antibiotic resistance refers to the ability of microbes to resist antibiotics and cannot be treated with those antibiotics they are resistant to. Antibiotic resistance occurs due to spontaneous mutations and acquisition of entire new genes in the microbial species.
To describe:
How each of these antibiotics normally act on a bacterium to cause cell death.
Concept introduction:
Antibiotics are drugs that are used against bacterial infections. These drugs inhibit the growth of bacteria by interfering with their natural mechanism of central dogma. The process of replication, transcription, and translation are altogether referred as central dogma of life. Antibiotic drugs interfere with these processes of bacteria and inhibit their growth.

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Chapter 12 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
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