Chapter 12, Problem 14RQ

Describe the four levels of protein structure. How do a proteins side groups influence its interactions with other substances? What happens when a protein is denatured?

What are the three most common lipids in living organisms? How do their structures differ?

What organic compound do brain cells primarily rely on for fuel? glucose glycogen galactose glycerol

Why are fatty acids better than glycogen for storing large amounts of chemical energy?

Release of trypsin and chymotrypsin in their active form can result in the digestion of the pancreas or small intestine itself. What mechanism does the body employ to prevent its self-destruction?

Insulin is released when food is ingested and stimulates the uptake of glucose into the cell. Discuss tine mechanism cells employ to create a concentration gradient to ensure continual uptake of glucose from the bloodstream.

Some low-fat or non-fat foods contain a large amount of sugar to replace the fat content of the food. Discuss how this leads to increased fat in the body (and weight gain) even though the item is non-fat.

Which of the following levels of protein structure may be affected by hydrogen bonding? (a) primary and secondary (b) primary and tertiary (c) secondary, tertiary, and quaternary (d) primary, secondary, and tertiary (e) primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary

Which small organic molecules make up carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids?