Chapter 12, Problem 12.99SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine:

Addition of acid to liquid water and ice separately shows different behaviours as far as the temperature of the resulting solution is concerned.

EXPLAINATION:

When H₂SO₄ is added to normal liquid water it increases the temperature because
of the intermolecular actions between water and acid molecules such as van der
Waals forces and hydrogen bonding because both acid and water are in liquid
Phase and bond formation is comparatively easy.
While we consider the case of acid addition to solid ice, to mix into the ice acid
must overcome the strong forces of water molecules in solid ice, which will in
turn require energy for the rupturing of bonds in ice. As a result the temperature
value of the system gets lowered to an appreciable amount and we reach to the
temperature of -12 ?C.

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