Consider the following reaction: CH 3 X + Y → CH 3 Y + X At 25°C, the following two experiments were run, yielding the following data: Experiment 1: [Y] 0 = 3.0 M [CH 3 X] (mol/L) Time(h) 7.08 × 10 −3 1.0 4.52 × 10 −3 1.5 2.23 × 10 −3 2.3 4.76 × 10 −4 4.0 8.44 × l0 −5 5.7 2.75 × l0 −5 7.0 Experiment 2: [Y] 0 = 4.5 M [CH 3 X] (mol/L) Time(h) 4.50 × 10 −3 0 1.70 × 10 −3 1.0 4.19 × 10 −4 2.5 1.11 × 10 −4 4.0 2.81 × l0 −5 5.5 Experiments also were run at 85°C. The value of the rate constant at 85°C was found to be 7.88 × 10 8 (with the time in units of hours), where [CH 3 X] 0 = 1.0 × 10 −2 M and [Y] 0 = 3.0 M. a. Determine the rate law and the value of k for this reaction at 25°C. b. Determine the half-life at 85°C. c. Determine E a for the reaction. d. Given that the C8X bond energy is known to be about 325 kJ/mol, suggest a mechanism that explains the results in parts a and c.
Consider the following reaction: CH 3 X + Y → CH 3 Y + X At 25°C, the following two experiments were run, yielding the following data: Experiment 1: [Y] 0 = 3.0 M [CH 3 X] (mol/L) Time(h) 7.08 × 10 −3 1.0 4.52 × 10 −3 1.5 2.23 × 10 −3 2.3 4.76 × 10 −4 4.0 8.44 × l0 −5 5.7 2.75 × l0 −5 7.0 Experiment 2: [Y] 0 = 4.5 M [CH 3 X] (mol/L) Time(h) 4.50 × 10 −3 0 1.70 × 10 −3 1.0 4.19 × 10 −4 2.5 1.11 × 10 −4 4.0 2.81 × l0 −5 5.5 Experiments also were run at 85°C. The value of the rate constant at 85°C was found to be 7.88 × 10 8 (with the time in units of hours), where [CH 3 X] 0 = 1.0 × 10 −2 M and [Y] 0 = 3.0 M. a. Determine the rate law and the value of k for this reaction at 25°C. b. Determine the half-life at 85°C. c. Determine E a for the reaction. d. Given that the C8X bond energy is known to be about 325 kJ/mol, suggest a mechanism that explains the results in parts a and c.
Solution Summary: The author explains that the rate law for the given reaction is to be determined by the use of the concentration verses time data.
At 25°C, the following two experiments were run, yielding the following data:
Experiment 1: [Y]0 = 3.0 M
[CH3X] (mol/L)
Time(h)
7.08 × 10−3
1.0
4.52 × 10−3
1.5
2.23 × 10−3
2.3
4.76 × 10−4
4.0
8.44 × l0−5
5.7
2.75 × l0−5
7.0
Experiment 2: [Y]0 = 4.5 M
[CH3X] (mol/L)
Time(h)
4.50 × 10−3
0
1.70 × 10−3
1.0
4.19 × 10−4
2.5
1.11 × 10−4
4.0
2.81 × l0−5
5.5
Experiments also were run at 85°C. The value of the rate constant at 85°C was found to be 7.88 × 108 (with the time in units of hours), where [CH3X]0 = 1.0 × 10−2M and [Y]0 = 3.0 M.
a. Determine the rate law and the value of k for this reaction at 25°C.
b. Determine the half-life at 85°C.
c. Determine Ea for the reaction.
d. Given that the C8X bond energy is known to be about 325 kJ/mol, suggest a mechanism that explains the results in parts a and c.
Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition
Consider the following equilibrium:
2NO2 (g) = N2O4(g)
AGº = -5.4 kJ
Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.53 atm of dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) at 279. °C. Answer the following questions about this system:
Under these conditions, will the pressure of N2O4 tend to rise or fall?
Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO2?
In other words, if you said the pressure of N2O4 will tend to rise, can that
be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO2? Similarly, if you said the
pressure of N2O4 will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to
'2'
rise by adding NO2?
If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate
the minimum pressure of NO 2 needed to reverse it.
Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
00
rise
☐ x10
fall
yes
no
☐ atm
G
Ar
1
Why do we analyse salt?
Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using
the provided starting and product structures, draw the curved
electron-pushing arrows for the following reaction or
mechanistic step(s).
Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making
steps.
H
H
CH3OH, H+
H
Select to Add Arrows
H°
0:0
'H
+
Q
HH
■ Select to Add Arrows
CH3OH,
H*
H.
H
CH3OH, H+
HH
■ Select to Add Arrows i
Please select a drawing or reagent from the question area
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
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