Chapter 12, Problem 11RQ

To determine

The cause of refraction.

Answer to Problem 11RQ

Refraction is caused due to the change in speed of sound waves.

Explanation of Solution

Sound waves have different speeds at different temperatures. So, when sound waves travel from a medium at a particular temperature to another medium at a different temperature, their speed changes. The variation in speed causes the sound waves to bend. This process of bending of sound is called refraction.

Refraction is caused when sound travels through uneven winds and air with different temperatures. Sound waves bend when it travels from warm air to cold air. The sound speed is high in hot air and low in cold air resulting in bending of sound. Sound also bends as it travels through water at different temperatures.

Conclusion:

Therefore, refraction is caused due to the change in speed of sound waves.