Chemistry: The Central Science (14th Edition)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780134414232
Author: Theodore E. Brown, H. Eugene LeMay, Bruce E. Bursten, Catherine Murphy, Patrick Woodward, Matthew E. Stoltzfus
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11.7, Problem 11.6.1PE
Liquid crystalline phases are produced by which of the following?
- Short, flexible molecules
- Complete lack of order among molecules
- Three-dimensional order among molecules
- Highly branched molecules
- Rod-shaped molecules
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry: The Central Science (14th Edition)
Ch. 11.2 - Which of the following substances is most likely...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 11.1.2PECh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.2.1PECh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.2.2PECh. 11.4 - What information about water is needed to...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 11.3.2PECh. 11.5 -
In the mountains, water in an open container will...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 11.4.2PECh. 11.6 - Prob. 11.5.1PECh. 11.6 - Prob. 11.5.2PE
Ch. 11.7 - Liquid crystalline phases are produced by which of...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 11.6.2PECh. 11 - Prob. 1DECh. 11 - Prob. 1ECh. 11 - Prob. 2ECh. 11 - Prob. 3ECh. 11 - If 42.0 kj of heat is added to a 32.0-g sample of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5ECh. 11 - The molecules have the same molecular formula...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7ECh. 11 - Prob. 8ECh. 11 - Prob. 9ECh. 11 - Prob. 10ECh. 11 - Prob. 11ECh. 11 - Prob. 12ECh. 11 - Prob. 13ECh. 11 - Prob. 14ECh. 11 - Prob. 15ECh. 11 - Prob. 16ECh. 11 - Describe the intermolecular forces that must be...Ch. 11 - Prob. 18ECh. 11 - List the following molecules in order of...Ch. 11 - True or false: a. For molecules with similar...Ch. 11 - Prob. 21ECh. 11 - Prob. 22ECh. 11 - Prob. 23ECh. 11 - Prob. 24ECh. 11 - Prob. 25ECh. 11 - Prob. 26ECh. 11 - Prob. 27ECh. 11 - Prob. 28ECh. 11 - Prob. 29ECh. 11 - Prob. 30ECh. 11 - A number of salts containing the tetrahedral...Ch. 11 - Prob. 32ECh. 11 - a. What is the relationship between surface...Ch. 11 - Prob. 34ECh. 11 - Prob. 35ECh. 11 - Prob. 36ECh. 11 - The boiling points, surface tension, and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 38ECh. 11 - Prob. 39ECh. 11 - Prob. 40ECh. 11 - Prob. 41ECh. 11 - Prob. 42ECh. 11 - 11.43 For many years drinking water has been...Ch. 11 - Prob. 44ECh. 11 - Prob. 45ECh. 11 - The fluorocarbon compound C2 Cl 3£'y has a normal...Ch. 11 - 11.47 Indicate whether each statement is true or...Ch. 11 - Prob. 48ECh. 11 - 11,49 Which of the following affects the vapor...Ch. 11 - Prob. 50ECh. 11 - Prob. 51ECh. 11 - Prob. 52ECh. 11 - Prob. 53ECh. 11 - Prob. 54ECh. 11 - Prob. 55ECh. 11 - Prob. 56ECh. 11 - Prob. 57ECh. 11 - Prob. 58ECh. 11 - Prob. 59ECh. 11 - Prob. 60ECh. 11 - Prob. 61ECh. 11 - Prob. 62ECh. 11 - Prob. 63ECh. 11 - Prob. 64ECh. 11 - In terms of the arrangement and freedom of motion...Ch. 11 - Prob. 66ECh. 11 - Prob. 67ECh. 11 - Prob. 68ECh. 11 - Prob. 69ECh. 11 - Prob. 70ECh. 11 - Prob. 71ECh. 11 - Prob. 72ECh. 11 - Prob. 73AECh. 11 - Prob. 74AECh. 11 - Prob. 75AECh. 11 - Prob. 76AECh. 11 - Prob. 77AECh. 11 - The table below shows the normal boiling points of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 79AECh. 11 - Prob. 80AECh. 11 - Prob. 81AECh. 11 - Prob. 82AECh. 11 - Prob. 83AECh. 11 - Prob. 84AECh. 11 - Prob. 85AECh. 11 - Prob. 86AECh. 11 - Prob. 87AECh. 11 - Prob. 88AECh. 11 - Prob. 89AECh. 11 - Prob. 90IECh. 11 - Prob. 91IECh. 11 - Prob. 92IECh. 11 - 11.93 The vapor pressure of ethanol (C2H5OH) at 19...Ch. 11 - Prob. 94IECh. 11 - Prob. 95IECh. 11 - Prob. 96IECh. 11 - Prob. 97IE
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- Hi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forwardHi!! Please provide a solution that is handwritten. Ensure all figures, reaction mechanisms (with arrows and lone pairs please!!), and structures are clearly drawn to illustrate the synthesis of the product as per the standards of a third year organic chemistry course. ****the solution must include all steps, mechanisms, and intermediate structures as required. Please hand-draw the mechanisms and structures to support your explanation. Don’t give me AI-generated diagrams or text-based explanations, no wordy explanations on how to draw the structures I need help with the exact mechanism hand drawn by you!!! I am reposting this—ensure all parts of the question are straightforward and clear or please let another expert handle it thanks!!arrow_forward. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the molecule depicted below. Bond B 2°C. +2°C. < cleavage Bond A • CH3 + 26. t cleavage 2°C• +3°C• Bond C Cleavage CH3 ZC '2°C. 26. E Strongest 3°C. 2C. Gund Largest BDE weakest bond In that molecule a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in appropriate boxes. Weakest C bond Produces A Weakest Bond Most Strongest Bond Stable radical Strongest Gund produces least stable radicals b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A, B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B, and C are all carbon radicals. i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. 人 8°C. formed in bound C cleavage ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line representation is fine. methyl radical •CH3 formed in bund A Cleavagearrow_forward
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