Concept explainers
Handedness and Cell Phone Use The accompanying table is from a study conducted with the stated objective of addressing cell phone safety by understanding why we use a particular car for cell phone use. (See “Hemispheric Dominance and Cell Phone Use,” by Seidman, Siegel, Shah, and Bowyer, JAMA Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, Vol. 139, No. 5.) The goal was to determine whether the ear choice is associated with auditory or language brain hemispheric dominance. Assume that we want to test the claim that handedness and cell phone car preference are independent of each other.
a. Use the data in the table to find the
b. What does the expected value indicate about the requirements for the hypothesis test?
Ear Preference for Cell Phone Use
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Elementary Statistics (13th Edition)
- Urban Travel Times Population of cities and driving times are related, as shown in the accompanying table, which shows the 1960 population N, in thousands, for several cities, together with the average time T, in minutes, sent by residents driving to work. City Population N Driving time T Los Angeles 6489 16.8 Pittsburgh 1804 12.6 Washington 1808 14.3 Hutchinson 38 6.1 Nashville 347 10.8 Tallahassee 48 7.3 An analysis of these data, along with data from 17 other cities in the United States and Canada, led to a power model of average driving time as a function of population. a Construct a power model of driving time in minutes as a function of population measured in thousands b Is average driving time in Pittsburgh more or less than would be expected from its population? c If you wish to move to a smaller city to reduce your average driving time to work by 25, how much smaller should the city be?arrow_forwardWhat is meant by the sample space of an experiment?arrow_forwardThe data comes from the paper "Sex Bias in Graduate Admissions: Data from Berkeley" by Bickel, Hammel, and O'Connell. The data in the file genderbiasberkeley.csv contains the following columns. department-the department letter code (letters A through F) gender-the gender of the student applying to the school, where 1 = male and 2 = female admitted-an indicator showing whether the student was accepted or denied to the program, where 1 = admitted and 2 = denied count-the number of students admitted or denied O Tech Guide You will need to use the TI Tech Guide. A Lab Questions Describe the structure of the data. Is it different than data you have examined before? Specifically, there are 24 rows in this data set, but the set provides information about 4,526 observations (the sum of the "count" column). Describe what each row represents. Each of the six departments (A-F) have four rows of data in this set corresponding to each of the following. 1st row ---Select--- who were Select--- V. 2nd…arrow_forward
- The report Controlling Road Rage: A Literature Review and Pilot Study was prepared for the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety by D. Rathbone and J. Huckabee. The authors discussed the results of a literature review and pilot study on how to prevent aggressive driving and road rage. Road rage is defined as “… an incident in which an angry or impatient motorist or passenger intentionally injures or kills another motorist, passenger, or pedestrian, or attempts or threatens to injure or kill another motorist, passenger, or pedestrian.” One aspect of the study was to investigate road rage as a function of the day of the week. The following table provides a frequency distribution for the days on which 69 road-rage incidents occurred. Day Frequency Sunday 5 Monday 5 Tuesday 11 Wednesday 12 Thursday 11 Friday 18 Saturday 7 At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that road-rage incidents are more likely to occur on…arrow_forwardThe report Controlling Road Rage: A Literature Review and Pilot Study was prepared for the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety by D. Rathbone and J. Huckabee. The authors discussed the results of a literature review and pilot study on how to prevent aggressive driving and road rage. Road rage is defined as “... an incident in which an angry or impatient motorist or passenger intentionally injures or kills another motorist, passenger, or pedestrian, or attempts or threatens to injure or kill another motorist, passenger, or pedestrian.” One aspect of the study was to investigate road rage as a function of the day of the week. The following table provides a frequency distribution for the days on which 69 road-rage incidents occurred. Day Frequency Sunday 5 Monday 5 Tuesday 11 Wednesday 12 Thursday 11 Friday 18 Saturday 7 At the 5% significance level, do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that road-rage incidents are more likely to occur on some days…arrow_forward6. In the book Business Research Methods (5th ed.), Donald R. Cooper and C. William Emory discuss studying the relationship between on-the-job accidents and smoking. Cooper and Emory describe the study as follows: Suppose a manager implementing a smoke-free workplace policy is interested in whether smoking affects worker accidents. Since the company has complete reports of on-the-job accidents, she draws a sample of names of workers who were involved in accidents during the last year. A similar sample from among workers who had no reported accidents in the last year is drawn. She interviews members of both groups to determine if they are smokers or not. The sample results are given in the following table.arrow_forward
- ]14. Many animals, including humans, tend to avoid direct eye contact and even patterns that look like eyes. Some insects, including moths, have evolved eye-spot patterns on their wings to help ward off predators. Scaife (1976) reports a study examining how eye-spot patterns affect the behaviour of birds. In the study, the birds were tested in a box with two chambers and were free to move from one chamber to another. In one chamber, two large eye-spots were painted on one wall. The other chamber had plain walls. The researcher recorded the amount of time each bird spent in the plain chamber during a 60-minute session. Suppose the study produced a mean of M 34.5 minutes on the plain chamber with SS = 210 for a sample of n = 15 birds. (Now: If the eye spots have no effect. then the birds should spend an average of u = 30 minutes in each chamber.) a. Is this sample sufficient to conclude that the eyes pots have a significant influence on the bird's behaviour? Ike a two-tailed test with…arrow_forwardConsider that the results of a research study conclude that the “effect of social media use on anxiety depends on gender.” Which statement below is correct based on this conclusion? a. The research study uncovered a main effect of social media use, but no main effect of gender or interaction between gender and social media use. b. The research study uncovered a main effect of gender and interaction of gender and social media use, but not main effect of social media use. c. The research study uncovered an interaction between social media use and gender, but no main effects. d. The research study uncovered no main effects of gender or social media use, as well as no interaction between gender and social media use.arrow_forwardExcerpt source: Kim, H., Ji, J., & Kao, D. (2011). Burnout and physical health among social workers: A three-year longitudinal study. Social Work, 56(3), 258-268. Data were drawn from a longitudinal study examining the job-related factors associated with burnout among social workers. In this study, participants were randomly selected from a California registry of clinical social workers. Despite the high risk of burnout in the social work profession, little is known about its impact on the physical health of social workers. To address this gap in the research, the present study used longitudinal data from a sample of social workers registered in California to examine the impact of burnout on their physical health. Physical Health Complaints. Physical health was measured using the Physical Health Questionnaire (PHQ) (Schat, Kelloway, & Desmarais, 2005). For this analysis, we focused on four types of physical health problems: sleep…arrow_forward
- A report provided an overview of the complaints about airlines received by the Department of Transportation. The table below gives the number of complaints received by type of complaint for the years 2014 and 2015. Type of Complaint 2014 Number ofComplaints Received 2015 Number ofComplaints Received Flight Problems 4,404 5,606 Baggage Handling 1,528 2,050 Reservations, Ticketing, Boarding 1,276 1,807 Customer Service 1,101 1,728 Fares 699 1,300 Other 2,257 2,769 Use the given information to estimate the following probabilities. (Round your answers to three decimal places.) c)the probability that two complaints made in 2015 were both about flight problemsarrow_forwardSubject;arrow_forwardb) Does a pollster's gender have an effect on poll responses by men? A U.S. News & World Report article about polls stated: "On sensitive issues, people tend to give 'acceptable' rather than honest responses; their answers may depend on the gender or race of the interviewer." To support that claim, data were provided for an Eagleton Institute poll in which surveyed men were asked if they agreed with this statement: "Abortion is a private matter that should be left to the woman to decide without government intervention." We will analyze the effect of gender on male survey subjects only. Table is based on the responses of surveyed men. Gender of Interviewers Women 308 92 Men 560 Men who agree Men who disagree 240 Assume that the survey was designed so that male interviewers were instructed to obtain 800 responses from male subjects, and female interviewers were instructed to obtain 400 responses from male subjects. Using a 0.05 significance level, test the claim that the proportions of…arrow_forward
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