Chemistry Atoms First2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172647
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 9E
Explain why the ions Na+ and CI- are strongly solvated in water but not in hexane, a solvent composed of nonpolar molecules.
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111
States of Matter
Understanding conceptual components of the enthalpy of solution
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A small amount of acetonitrile (CH, CN) is dissolved in a large amount of water. Imagine separating this process into the four stages sketched below. (These
sketches show only a portion of the substances, so you can see the density and distribution of atoms and molecules in them.)
CH,CN
H₂O
B
88
C
Use these sketches to answer the questions in the table below.
The enthalpy of solution AH is negative
soln
when CH3CN dissolves in water. Use this
information to list the stages in order of increasing
enthalpy.
Would heat be absorbed or released if the system
moved from Stage C to D?
What force would oppose or favor the system
moving from Stage C to D? Check all that apply.
1
absorbed
O released
neither absorbed nor released.
none
O ionic bonding force
covalent bonding force…
In a system with an anodic overpotential, the variation of ŋ as a function of
the current density:
1. at low fields is linear 2. at higher fields, it follows Tafel's law
Find the range of current densities for which the overpotential has the same
value as when calculated for cases 1 and 2 (maximum relative difference of
5% with respect to the behavior for higher fields). To which overpotential
range does this correspond?
Data: 10 = 1.5 mA cm², T = 300°C, ẞ = 0.64, R = 8.314 J K 1 mol¹ and F = 96485
C mol-1.
Indicate 10.6 with only one significant figure.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry Atoms First2e
Ch. 11 - How do solutions differ from compounds? From other...Ch. 11 - Which of the principal characteristics of...Ch. 11 - When KNO3 is dissolved in water, the resulting...Ch. 11 - Give an example of each of the following types of...Ch. 11 - Indicate the most important types of...Ch. 11 - Predict whether each of the following substances...Ch. 11 - Heat is released when some solutions form; heat is...Ch. 11 - Solutions of hydrogen in palladium may be formed...Ch. 11 - Explain why the ions Na+ and CI- are strongly...Ch. 11 - Explain why solutions of HBr in benzene (a...
Ch. 11 - Consider the solutions presented: (a) Which of the...Ch. 11 - Compare the processes that occur when methanol...Ch. 11 - What is the expected electrical conductivity of...Ch. 11 - Why are most solid ionic compounds electrically...Ch. 11 - Indicate the most important type of intermolecular...Ch. 11 - Suppose you are presented with a clear solution of...Ch. 11 - Supersaturated solutions of most solids in water...Ch. 11 - Suggest an explanation for the observations that...Ch. 11 - Calculate the percent by mass of KBr in a...Ch. 11 - Which of the following gases is expected to be...Ch. 11 - At 0 C and 1.00 atm, as much as 0.70 g of O2 can...Ch. 11 - Refer to Figure 11.10. (a) How did the...Ch. 11 - The Henrys law constant for CO2 is 3.4102 M/atm at...Ch. 11 - The Henrys law constant for O2 is 1.3103 M/ atm at...Ch. 11 - Assuming ideal solution behavior, how many liters...Ch. 11 - Which is are part of the macroscopic domain of...Ch. 11 - What is the microscopic explanation for the...Ch. 11 - Sketch a qualitative graph of the pressure versus...Ch. 11 - A solution of potassium nitrate, an electrolyte,...Ch. 11 - What are the mole fractions of H3PO4 and water in...Ch. 11 - What are the mole fractions of HNO3 and water in a...Ch. 11 - Calculate the mole fraction of each solute and...Ch. 11 - Calculate the mole fraction of each solute and...Ch. 11 - Calculate the mole fractions of methanol, CH3OH;...Ch. 11 - What is the difference between a 1 M solution and...Ch. 11 - What is the molality of phosphoric acid, H3PO4, in...Ch. 11 - What is the molality of nitric acid in a...Ch. 11 - Calculate the molality of each of the following...Ch. 11 - Calculate the molality of each of the following...Ch. 11 - The concentration of glucose, C6H12O6, in normal...Ch. 11 - A 13.0% solution of K2CO3 by mass has a density of...Ch. 11 - Why does 1 mol of sodium chloride depress the...Ch. 11 - Assuming ideal solution behavior what is the...Ch. 11 - Assuming ideal solution behavior, what is the...Ch. 11 - Assuming ideal solution behavior, what is the...Ch. 11 - Assuming ideal solution behavior, what is the...Ch. 11 - Assuming ideal solution behavior, what is the...Ch. 11 - Assuming ideal solution behavior, what is osmotic...Ch. 11 - Assuming ideal solution behavior, what is the...Ch. 11 - A sample of an organic compound (a nonelectrolyte)...Ch. 11 - A 1.0 m solution of HCI in benzene has a freezing...Ch. 11 - A solution contains 5.00 g of urea, CO(NH2)2 , a...Ch. 11 - A 12.O-g sample of a nonelectrolyte is dissolved...Ch. 11 - Arrange the following solutions in order by their...Ch. 11 - Calculate the boiling point elevation of 0.100 kg...Ch. 11 - How could you prepare a 3.08m aqueous solution of...Ch. 11 - A sample of sulfur weighing 0.210 g was dissolved...Ch. 11 - In a significant experiment performed many years...Ch. 11 - Lysozyme is an enzyme that cleaves cell walls. A...Ch. 11 - The osmotic pressure of a solution containing 7.0...Ch. 11 - The osmotic pressure of human blood is 7.6 atm at...Ch. 11 - Assuming ideal solution behavior, what is the...Ch. 11 - Assuming ideal solution behavior, what is the...Ch. 11 - The sugar fructose contains 40.0% C, 6.7% H, and...Ch. 11 - The vapor pressure of methanol, CH3OH, is 94 torr...Ch. 11 - The triple point of air-free water is defined as...Ch. 11 - Meat can be classified as fresh (not frozen) even...Ch. 11 - An organic compound has a composition of 93.46% C...Ch. 11 - A sample of HgCI2 weighing 9.41 g is dissolved in...Ch. 11 - A salt is known to be an alkali metal fluoride. A...Ch. 11 - Identify the dispersed phase and the dispersion...Ch. 11 - Distinguish between dispersion methods and...Ch. 11 - How do colloids differ from solutions with regard...Ch. 11 - Explain the cleansing action of soap.Ch. 11 - How can it be demonstrated that colloidal...
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