Chapter 11, Problem 84AE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for which fluorine is given importance in terms of electronegativity and what combination of atoms on periodic table form the ionic bond have to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Lewis structure:

The representation of valence shell electrons around the atom is known as Lewis structure or Lewis dot structure.  Electrons are represented as a dot in Lewis structures, a single dot represents unpaired electron and paired of dots represents paired electrons.

Explanation of Solution

Given,

The mass of sulfur is $1.40g$.

The mass of oxygen is $2.10g$.

The empirical formula can be calculated as follows:

$\begin{array}{l}\text{S}\text{O}\\ \text{Mass}1.40\text{g}2.\text{10}\text{g}\\ \text{Molar}\text{mass}32.065\text{g/mol}\text{16}\text{.0}\text{g/mol}\\ \text{Moles}\text{=}\frac{\text{mass}}{Molarmass}\frac{1.40\text{g}}{32.065\text{g/mol}}\frac{\text{2}\text{.10}\text{g}}{\text{16}\text{.0}\text{g/mol}}\\ 0.0437mol0.131mol\\ Divideby0.0437mol\frac{0.0437mol}{0.0437mol}\frac{0.131mol}{0.0437mol}\\ 13.00\end{array}$

The empirical formula of the compound is $S{O}_3$.

The Lewis structure of $S{O}_3$ is drawn as follows:

The total number of valence electrons in $S{O}_3$ is $24$. 6 valence electrons from sulfur atom and 6 from each $O$ atom.

The three oxygen atoms are bonded to central sulfur atom. Write skeletal structure representing this and place two electrons between each sulfur and oxygen atom.

Here 6 valence electrons are used and 18 valence electrons are remaining. These electrons can be distributed over oxygen and sulfur atoms to get an octet configuration.

Here one of the oxygen atom is electron deficient, so one electron pair is given to oxygen from sulfur. Therefore, Lewis structure of $S{O}_3$ may be represented as follows: