Bundle: Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, 2nd, Loose-Leaf + OWLv2, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305717633
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 11, Problem 69E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The activation energy and rate constant at
Concept introduction: The energy difference between activated complex and reactants is known as activation energy. The relationship between the rate constant and temperature is given by the Arrhenius equation,
To determine: The rate constant at
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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the
product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15%
glycerin by weight.
If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate;
e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt).
f. Moles of CO2 evolved.
g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed.
h. Conversion efficiency.
i. Per cent excess of excess reactant.
Reactions:
Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6
Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2
Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3
Show work. don't give Ai generated solution. How many carbons and hydrogens are in the structure?
13. (11pts total) Consider the arrows pointing at three different carbon-carbon bonds in the
molecule depicted below.
Bond B
2°C. +2°C. cleavage
Bond A
•CH3 + 26.← Cleavage
2°C. +
Bond C
+3°C•
CH3 2C
Cleavage
E
2°C. 26.
weakest bond
Intact molecule
Strongest 3°C 20.
Gund
Largest
argest
a. (2pts) Which bond between A-C is weakest? Which is strongest? Place answers in
appropriate boxes.
C
Weakest
bond
A
Produces
Most
Bond
Strongest
Bond
Strongest Gund
produces least stable
radicals
Weakest
Stable radical
b. (4pts) Consider the relative stability of all cleavage products that form when bonds A,
B, AND C are homolytically cleaved/broken. Hint: cleavage products of bonds A, B,
and C are all carbon radicals.
i. Which ONE cleavage product is the most stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
13°C. formed in
bound C
cleavage
ii. Which ONE cleavage product is the least stable? A condensed or bond line
representation is fine.
• CH3
methyl radical
Formed in Gund A Cleavage
c.…
Chapter 11 Solutions
Bundle: Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, 2nd, Loose-Leaf + OWLv2, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card
Ch. 11 - Define reaction rate. Distinguish between the...Ch. 11 - Distinguish between the differential rate law and...Ch. 11 - One experimental procedure that can be used to...Ch. 11 - The initial rate for a reaction is equal to the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5RQCh. 11 - Derive expressions for the half-life of zero-,...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7RQCh. 11 - Prob. 8RQCh. 11 - Prob. 9RQCh. 11 - Give the Arrhenius equation. Take the natural log...
Ch. 11 - Why does a catalyst increase the rate of a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1ALQCh. 11 - Describe at least two experiments you could...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3ALQCh. 11 - Prob. 4ALQCh. 11 - Consider the following statements: In general, the...Ch. 11 - For the reaction A + B C, explain at least two...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7ALQCh. 11 - Prob. 8ALQCh. 11 - Prob. 9ALQCh. 11 - Prob. 10QCh. 11 - Prob. 11QCh. 11 - The plot below shows the number of collisions with...Ch. 11 - For the reaction O2(g)+2NO(g)2NO2(g) the observed...Ch. 11 - Prob. 14QCh. 11 - Prob. 15QCh. 11 - Prob. 16QCh. 11 - Prob. 17QCh. 11 - Prob. 18QCh. 11 - Prob. 19QCh. 11 - Consider the following energy plots for a chemical...Ch. 11 - Prob. 21QCh. 11 - Would the slope of a ln(k) versus 1/T plot (with...Ch. 11 - Prob. 23ECh. 11 - In the Haber process for the production of...Ch. 11 - At 40C, H2O2 (aq) will decompose according to the...Ch. 11 - Consider the general reaction aA+bBcC and the...Ch. 11 - What are the units for each of the following if...Ch. 11 - The rate law for the reaction...Ch. 11 - The reaction 2NO(g)+Cl2(g)2NOCl(g) was studied at...Ch. 11 - The reaction 2I-(aq)+S2O82-(aq)I2(aq)+2SO42-(aq)...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of nitrosyl chloride was...Ch. 11 - The following data were obtained for the gas-phase...Ch. 11 - The reaction I(aq)+OCl(aq)IO(aq)+Cl(aq) was...Ch. 11 - The reaction 2NO(g)+O2(g)2NO2(g) was studied. and...Ch. 11 - The rote of the reaction between hemoglobin (Hb)...Ch. 11 - The following data were obtained for the reaction...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide was...Ch. 11 - Prob. 38ECh. 11 - The rate of the reaction NO2(g)+CO(g)NO(g)+CO2(g)...Ch. 11 - A certain reaction has the following general form:...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of ethanol (C2H5OH) on an...Ch. 11 - Prob. 42ECh. 11 - The dimerization of butadiene 2C4H6(g)C8H12(g) was...Ch. 11 - The rate of the reaction O(g)+NO2(g)NO(g)+O2(g)...Ch. 11 - Experimental data for the reaction A2B+C have been...Ch. 11 - Prob. 46ECh. 11 - The reaction AB+C is known to be zero order in A...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of hydrogen iodide on finely...Ch. 11 - Prob. 49ECh. 11 - A first-order reaction is 75.0% complete in 320....Ch. 11 - The rate law for the decomposition of phosphine...Ch. 11 - DDT (molar mass = 354.49 g/mol) was a widely used...Ch. 11 - Consider the following initial rate data for the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 54ECh. 11 - Prob. 55ECh. 11 - Prob. 56ECh. 11 - You and a coworker have developed a molecule...Ch. 11 - Consider the hypothetical reaction A+B+2C2D+3E...Ch. 11 - Prob. 59ECh. 11 - A possible mechanism for the decomposition of...Ch. 11 - A proposed mechanism for a reaction is...Ch. 11 - The mechanism for the gas-phase reaction of...Ch. 11 - For the following reaction profile, indicate a....Ch. 11 - Draw a rough sketch of the energy profile for each...Ch. 11 - Prob. 65ECh. 11 - The activation energy for some reaction...Ch. 11 - The rate constant for the gas-phase decomposition...Ch. 11 - The reaction (CH3)3CBr+OH(CH3)3COH+Br in a certain...Ch. 11 - Prob. 69ECh. 11 - A first-order reaction has rate constants of 4.6 ...Ch. 11 - Prob. 71ECh. 11 - Prob. 72ECh. 11 - Which of the following reactions would you expect...Ch. 11 - Prob. 74ECh. 11 - One mechanism for the destruction of ozone in the...Ch. 11 - One of the concerns about the use of Freons is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 77ECh. 11 - The decomposition of NH3 to N2 and H2 was studied...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of many substances on the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 80ECh. 11 - Prob. 81ECh. 11 - Prob. 82ECh. 11 - Consider the following representation of the...Ch. 11 - The reaction H2SeO3(aq) + 6I-(aq) + 4H+(aq) Se(s)...Ch. 11 - Prob. 85AECh. 11 - Sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2) decomposes to sulfur...Ch. 11 - For the reaction 2N2O5(g)4NO2(g)+O2(g) the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 88AECh. 11 - Cobra venom helps the snake secure food by binding...Ch. 11 - Iodomethane (CH3I) is a commonly used reagent in...Ch. 11 - Experiments during a recent summer on a number of...Ch. 11 - The activation energy of a certain uncatalyzed...Ch. 11 - Consider the reaction 3A+B+CD+E where the rate law...Ch. 11 - The thiosulfate ion (S2O32) is oxidized by iodine...Ch. 11 - The reaction A(aq)+B(aq)products(aq) was studied,...Ch. 11 - A certain substance, initially present at 0.0800...Ch. 11 - A reaction of the form aAProducts gives a plot of...Ch. 11 - A certain reaction has the form aAProducts At a...Ch. 11 - Which of the following statement(s) is( are) true?...Ch. 11 - Consider the hypothetical reaction A2(g) + B2(g) ...Ch. 11 - Experiments have shown that the average frequency...Ch. 11 - Consider a reaction of the type aA products, in...Ch. 11 - A study was made of the effect of the hydroxide...Ch. 11 - Two isomers (A and B) of a given compound dimerize...Ch. 11 - Prob. 105CPCh. 11 - Most reactions occur by a series of steps. The...Ch. 11 - Prob. 107CPCh. 11 - The decomposition of NO2(g) occurs by the...Ch. 11 - The following data were collected in two studies...Ch. 11 - Prob. 110CPCh. 11 - Prob. 111CPCh. 11 - Prob. 112CPCh. 11 - Sulfuryl chloride undergoes first-order...Ch. 11 - Upon dissolving InCl(s) in HCl, In+(aq) undergoes...Ch. 11 - The decomposition of iodoethane in the gas phase...Ch. 11 - Consider the following reaction: CH3X+YCH3Y+X At...
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