Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Vol. 1
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781429201322
Author: Paul A. Tipler, Gene Mosca
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 11, Problem 27P
(a)
To determine
To Find: The semi major axis of the orbit of Icarus.
(b)
To determine
To Find: The perihelion and aphelion distance of the orbit of Icarus.
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Kepler's third law states that for any object in a gravitational orbit,
P2∝a3P2∝a3
where PP is the orbital period of the object and aa is the average distance between the object and what it is orbiting.
In our Solar System, the natural units are distances measured in astronomical units (A.U.) and orbital periods measured in years. This can be seen for the Earth-Sun system which has an orbital period P=1P=1 year and an average distance a=1a=1 AU. Using these natural units in the Solar System, the proportionality becomes an equality, so for our Solar System:
(Pyears)2=(aA.U.)3(Pyears)2=(aA.U.)3 .
Using your mathematical prowess, determine what the orbital period in years would be for an asteroid that was discovered orbiting the Sun with an average distance of 25 astronomical units.
Kepler's third law states that the relationship between the mean distance d (in astronomical units) of a planet from the Sun and the time t (in years) it takes the planet to orbit the Sun can be given by d^3 = t^2. (A). It takes Venus 0.616 years to orbit the Sun. Find the mean distance of Venus from the Sun (in astronomical units). (B). The mean distance of Jupiter from the Sun is 5.24 astronomical units. How many years does it take Jupiter to orbit the Sun?
Newton’s version of Kepler’s third law is P2 = 4 π2 / [G (M1 + M2)] · a3, where G is the gravitational constant, which is equal to 6.67*10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2. NASA's New Horizons mission found that Pluto's moon Charon orbits Pluto every 5.7 days at an average distance of 19200.0 km. What is the combined mass (in kg) of Pluto and Charon?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Vol. 1
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- Calculate the effective gravitational field vector g at Earths surface at the poles and the equator. Take account of the difference in the equatorial (6378 km) and polar (6357 km) radius as well as the centrifugal force. How well does the result agree with the difference calculated with the result g = 9.780356[1 + 0.0052885 sin 2 0.0000059 sin2(2)]m/s2 where is the latitude?arrow_forwardNewton’s version of Kepler’s third law is: P2 = 4 π2 / [G (M1 + M2)] × a3. The space shuttle orbits 271 km above the Earth's surface. How often do the astronauts see a sunrise (in minutes)? Use the gravitational constant G = 6.67 × 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2, the mass of the Earth M = 5.97 × 1024 kg, and the radius of the Earth to be 7000 km.arrow_forwardA planet of mass m=3.05×10^24 kg orbits a star of mass M=3.85×1029 kg in a circular path. The radius of the orbit is R=7.65×10^7 km. What is the orbital period T planet of the planet in Earth days?arrow_forward
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