a. To determine: The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes. Introduction: The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

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After you feel comfortable with your counting method and identifying cells in the various stages of mitosis, use the four images below of whitefish blastula to count the cells in each stage until you reach 100 total cells, recording your data below in Data Table 1. (You may not need to use all four images. Stop counting when you reach 100 total cells.) After totaling the cells in each stage, calculate the percent of cells in each stage. (Divide total of stage by overall total of 100 and then multiply by 100 to obtain percentage.) Data Table 1Stage Totals PercentInterphase Mitosis: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis Totals 100 100% To find the length of time whitefish blastula cells spend in each stage, multiply the percent (recorded as a decimal, in other words take the percent number and divide by 100) by 24 hours. (Example: If percent is 20%, then Time in Hours = .2 * 24 = 4.8) Record your data in Data…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

Answer 6

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Answer 7

Chapter 11, Problem 26P

Summary Introduction

a.

To determine:

The mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes.

Introduction:

The chromosomes are condensed structures that are formed during the early phases of cell division from the loose network of chromatin thread and then regain their original structure after being divided into daughter cells.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

b.

To determine:

The effect of X-rays on the chromosomal fragments.

Introduction:

Meiosis, also known as the reductional division, is the second type of cell division that takes place in eukaryotes. The cell division is marked by a decrease in the chromosome number to half. This type of cell division allows the recombination of the genes on the chromosomes to produce a zygote. The two diploid cells undergo division to produce four haploid daughter cells.

Answer 10

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

c.

To determine:

The reason due to which chromosomal fusion act as a bridge during mitosis.

Introduction:

The mitosis is divided into four stages that are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis where the centromeres split and carry chromosomes to their respective poles through attachment with spindle fibres.

Answer 12

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

d.

To determine:

The events that take place during mitotic anaphase on the chromosomal fragment.

Introduction:

Anaphase is the stage in meiosis and mitosis which is characterized by the separation of the two arms of the chromosomes due to the contraction of spindle fibres and then moves the chromosomes at respective poles from where they can be distributed to separate cells during telophase.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

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Solution Summary: The author explains the mechanism that prevents the end-to-end fusion of chromosomes in eukaryotes.

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