Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 24E
Describe the different processes that lead to substantial internal heat sources for Jupiter and Saturn. Since these two objects generate much of their energy internally, should they be called stars instead of planets? Justify your answer.
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a. Calculate the surface temperature of Pluto and Charon at perihelion, assuming both bodies are rapid rotators and in equilibrium with the solar radiation field.
b. Calculate the escape velocity from Pluto and Charon, and compare these numbers with the velocity of N2, CH4, and H2O molecules.
c. Given your answers in (a) and (b), explain qualitatively the differences in surface ice coverage for Pluto and Charon.
Even if the Europa Clipper can't send a lander down to Europa's surface, it may still be able to sample the sub-ice ocean during some of its flybys. How would this work?
a The spacecraft would rendezvous with one of the large number of comets that we know are made of water erupted from Europa's ocean through its volcanoes.
b There is some evidence that plumes of water shoot out of Europa, and the spacecraft could fly through them.
c The spacecraft would crash into Europa, sampling the sub-ice ocean during the last seconds of its mission.
d The spacecraft would drop powerful bombs onto Europa, shattering the ice and blasting some of the water into space to be sampled there.
After the Galileo orbiter detected something unusual in the space around Europa, what did scientists interpret this phenomenon to mean?
a Europa's ice is directly in contact with its rocky interior, with no liquid layer in between.
b Europa's frequent volcanic eruptions are blastic sulfur compounds into orbit around Jupiter.
c Directly underneath the ice layer is a thick layer of molten magma.
d An electrically-conductive fluid, probably salty water, exists under Europa's surface.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 11 - What are the main challenges involved in sending...Ch. 11 - Why is it difficult to drop a probe like Galileo?...Ch. 11 - Explain why visual observation of the gas giants...Ch. 11 - What are the seasons like on Jupiter?Ch. 11 - What is the consequence of Uranus’ spin axis being...Ch. 11 - Describe the seasons on the planet Uranus.Ch. 11 - At the pressures in Jupiter’s interior, describe...Ch. 11 - Which of the gas giants has the largest icy/rocky...Ch. 11 - In the context of the giant planets and the...Ch. 11 - What is the primary source of Jupiter’s internal...
Ch. 11 - Describe the interior heat source of Saturn.Ch. 11 - Which planet has the strongest magnetic field, and...Ch. 11 - What are the visible clouds on the four giant...Ch. 11 - Compare the atmospheric circulation (weather) of...Ch. 11 - What are the main atmospheric heat sources of each...Ch. 11 - Why do the upper levels of Neptune’s atmosphere...Ch. 11 - How do storms on Jupiter differ from storm systems...Ch. 11 - Describe the differences in the chemical makeup of...Ch. 11 - How did the giant planets grow to be so large?Ch. 11 - Jupiter is denser than water, yet composed for the...Ch. 11 - Would you expect to find free oxygen gas in the...Ch. 11 - Why would a tourist brochure (of the future)...Ch. 11 - The water clouds believed to be present on Jupiter...Ch. 11 - Describe the different processes that lead to...Ch. 11 - Research the Galileo mission. What technical...Ch. 11 - How many times more pressure exists in the...Ch. 11 - Calculate the wind speed at the edge of Neptune’s...Ch. 11 - Calculate how many Earths would fit into the...Ch. 11 - As the Voyager spacecraft penetrated into the...Ch. 11 - The ions in the inner parts of Jupiter’s...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
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- A classmate claims that if Jupiter’s Galilean moons were all the same distance from Jupiter, they would all experience the same amount of gravitational force. Using what you have learned and the evidence from the data table how would you respond to his claim? (a) His claim is incorrect; if the moons were at an equal distance from Jupiter; then the pull of gravity would be the strongest on Ganymede because it has the greatest mass (b) his claim is incorrect; if the moon were at an equal distance from Jupiter; then the pull of gravity would be the strongest on Europa; because it has the smallest mass (c) his claim is incorrect; if the moon were at an equal distance from Jupiter; then the pull of gravity from Jupiter would be experienced equally by all four moons. (d) his claim is incorrect; if the moon were at an equal distance from Jupiter; then the pull of gravity would be the strongest on Ganymede because it is the largest moonarrow_forwardThe mass of the planet is approximately 74.8 times the mass of Jupiter. Calculate the average density of the planet. Give your answer in grams per cubic centimeter.arrow_forwardWhat should the interior composition of Titan be if its density is 1.9 g/cm3? How do you know?arrow_forward
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