EBK THINKING LIKE AN ENGINEER
4th Edition
ISBN: 8220103633512
Author: OHLAND
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 22RQ
One of the 14 Grand Challenges for Engineering as determined by a National Academy of Engineering committee is “Make Solar Energy Economical.” According to the NAE website: The solar “share of the total energy market remains rather small, well below 1 percent of total energy consumption, compared with roughly 85 percent from oil, natural gas, and coal ... today’s commercial solar cells ... typically convert sunlight into electricity with an efficiency of only 10 percent to 20 percent... Given their manufacturing costs, modules of today s cells... would produce electricity at a cost roughly 3 to 6 times higher than current prices ... To make solar economically competitive, engineers must find ways to improve the efficiency of the cells and to lower their manufacturing costs.”
The following graph shows a breakeven analysis for a company panning to manufacture modular photoelectric panels. A copy of this graph has been provided online; you may use one of these graphs or use graph paper as directed by you instructor.
- a. What is the fixed cost incurred in manufacturing the photoelectric panels?
- b. How much does it cost to manufacture each photoelectric panel?
- c. What is the sale price of one photoelectric panel?
- d. If the company makes and sells 30,000 panes, is the-e a net loss or profit, and how much?
While the company is still in the planning stages, the government starts a program to stimulate the economy and encourage green technologies. In this case, the government agrees to reimburse the company $250 for each of the first 10,000 units sold.
- e. Sketch a modified revenue curve for this situation.
- f. Using this new revenue curve, how many units must the company make to break even’ Be sure to clearly indicate this point on the graph.
- g. Also using the new revenue curve, how many units must the company make and sell to make a profit of $1,500,000? Be sure to clearly indicate this point on the following graph.
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You are working as an engineer in a bearing systems design company. The flow of
lubricant inside a hydrodynamic bearing (p = 0.001 kg m-1 s-1) can be approximated
as a parallel, steady, two-dimensional, incompressible flow between two parallel plates.
The top plate, representing the moving part of the bearing, travels at a constant speed,
U, while the bottom plate remains stationary (Figure Q1). The plates are separated by
a distance of 2h = 1 cm and are W = 20 cm wide. Their length is L = 10 cm. By
applying the above approximations to the Navier-Stokes equations and assuming that
end effects can be neglected, the horizontal velocity profile can be shown to be
y = +h
I
2h = 1 cm
x1
y = -h
u(y)
1 dP
2μ dx
-y² + Ay + B
moving plate
stationary plate
U
2
I2
L = 10 cm
Figure Q1: Flow in a hydrodynamic bearing. The plates extend a width, W = 20 cm,
into the page.
Question 1
You are working as an engineer in a bearing systems design company. The flow of
lubricant inside a hydrodynamic bearing (µ = 0.001 kg m¯¹ s¯¹) can be approximated
as a parallel, steady, two-dimensional, incompressible flow between two parallel plates.
The top plate, representing the moving part of the bearing, travels at a constant speed,
U, while the bottom plate remains stationary (Figure Q1). The plates are separated by
a distance of 2h = 1 cm and are W = 20 cm wide. Their length is L = 10 cm. By
applying the above approximations to the Navier-Stokes equations and assuming that
end effects can be neglected, the horizontal velocity profile can be shown to be
1 dP
u(y)
=
2μ dx
-y² + Ay + B
y= +h
Ꮖ
2h=1 cm
1
x1
y = −h
moving plate
stationary plate
2
X2
L = 10 cm
Figure Q1: Flow in a hydrodynamic bearing. The plates extend a width, W = 20 cm,
into the page.
(a) By considering the appropriate boundary conditions, show that the constants take
the following forms:
U
U
1 dP
A =…
Question 2
You are an engineer working in the propulsion team for a supersonic civil transport
aircraft driven by a turbojet engine, where you have oversight of the design for the
engine intake and the exhaust nozzle, indicated in Figure Q2a. The turbojet engine can
operate when provided with air flow in the Mach number range, 0.60 to 0.80. You are
asked to analyse a condition where the aircraft is flying at 472 m/s at an altitude of
14,000 m. For all parts of the question, you can assume that the flow path of air through
the engine has a circular cross section.
(a)
← intake
normal
shock
472 m/s
A B
(b)
50 m/s
H
472 m/s
B
engine
altitude: 14,000 m
exhaust nozzle
E
F
exit to
atmosphere
diameter: DE = 0.30 m
E
F
diameter: DF = 0.66 m
Figure Q2: Propulsion system for a supersonic aircraft.
a) When the aircraft is at an altitude of 14,000 m, use the International Standard
Atmosphere in the Module Data Book to state the local air pressure and tempera-
ture. Thus show that the aircraft speed…
Chapter 11 Solutions
EBK THINKING LIKE AN ENGINEER
Ch. 11.2 - In the following experimental data plot, identify...Ch. 11.2 - In the following experimental data plot, identify...Ch. 11.2 - In the following theoretical data plot, identify...Ch. 11.2 - In the following theoretical data plot, identify...Ch. 11.4 - Use the graph to answer the following questions....Ch. 11.5 - Use the graph to answer the following questions....Ch. 11.6 - We assume that the current through two...Ch. 11.6 - You are working for a tire manufacturer, producing...Ch. 11.6 - You want to install a solar panel system on your...Ch. 11 - Joules first law relates the heat generated to...
Ch. 11 - Data for a wind turbine is shown below. Use the...Ch. 11 - There is a large push in the United States to...Ch. 11 - Your team has designed three tennis ball...Ch. 11 - Plot the following pairs of functions on a single...Ch. 11 - Plot the following pairs of functions on a single...Ch. 11 - You need to create a graph showing the...Ch. 11 - The decay of a radioactive isotope can be modeled...Ch. 11 - In researching alternate energies, you find that...Ch. 11 - The following graph applies to ICA 11-10 to ICA...Ch. 11 - The following graph applies to ICA 11-10 to ICA...Ch. 11 - The following graph applies to ICA 11-10 to ICA...Ch. 11 - The following graph applies to ICA 11-10 to ICA...Ch. 11 - The following graph applies to ICA 11-10 to ICA...Ch. 11 - The following graph applies to ICA 11-10 to ICA...Ch. 11 - Use the following graph to determine which...Ch. 11 - The following graph shows the power delivered to a...Ch. 11 - The music industry in the United States has had a...Ch. 11 - You are working for a chemical manufacturer,...Ch. 11 - Use the accompanying graph to answer the following...Ch. 11 - A company designs submersible robots with a new...Ch. 11 - Your company is manufacturing a complex part from...Ch. 11 - For questions 1 through 10, your instructor will...Ch. 11 - 2. Due to increased demand, an industrial engineer...Ch. 11 - 3. An engineer is conducting tests of two...Ch. 11 - 4. Several reactions are carried out in a closed...Ch. 11 - 5. The following experimental data are collected...Ch. 11 - 6. If an object is heated, the temperature of the...Ch. 11 - 7. Eutrophication is the result of excessive...Ch. 11 - 8. In the 1950s, a team at Los Alamos National...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9RQCh. 11 - 10. One of the 22 named, derived units in the...Ch. 11 - Shown are graphs of the altitude in meters, and...Ch. 11 - Answer the following questions using the graph....Ch. 11 - Answer the following questions using the graph....Ch. 11 - In a simple electric circuit, the current (I) must...Ch. 11 - In a hard drive design, the faster the disk spins,...Ch. 11 - We have decided to become entrepreneurs by raising...Ch. 11 - As an engineer, suppose you are directed to design...Ch. 11 - We have obtained a contract to construct metal...Ch. 11 - Your company has developed a new high-mileage...Ch. 11 - One of the 14 Grand Challenges for Engineering as...Ch. 11 - You are an engineer for a plastics manufacturing...Ch. 11 - When a wine generator is installed there is a...
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