Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity - AP Edition
Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity - AP Edition
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399203
Author: Kotz
Publisher: CENGAGE L
Question
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Chapter 11, Problem 22PS
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molar enthalpy of vaporization and boiling point of octane has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Clausius-Clapeyron equation:

  lnP=ΔvapH0RT+C

From this relationship we can calculate the molar enthalpy of vaporization by knowing the corresponding temperature and pressure values.

If we have pressures at two different temperatures, then enthalpy of vaporization can be calculated by

  lnP2p1=-ΔvapH0R1T2-1T1

Boiling point of a liquid: The temperature at which external pressure and vapour pressure of the liquid become same.

Normal boiling point: When the external pressure is 760mmHgwe can call it as normal boiling point.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 22PS

The molar enthalpy of vaporization is 38.51kJ/mol

The boiling point of octane is calculated is402.17K.

Explanation of Solution

Given:

  TemperatureoCVapor PressuremmHg2513.65045.375127.2100310.8

Temperatures and corresponding pressures are given. We can calculate the molar enthalpy of vaporization by using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation

  lnP2p1=-ΔvapH0R1T2-1T1

  • The molar enthalpy of vaporization is calculated using given data.

  P1=13.6mmHg,P2=45.3mmHgT1=25°C=298K,T2=50°C=323K

Substituting the values

  ln45.313.6=ΔvapH00.008314kJ/K.mol1323K1298Kln(1.2032)=ΔvapH00.008314kJ/K.mol1323K1298KΔvapH0=38.51kJ/mol

The molar enthalpy of vaporization is38.51kJ/mol.

  • The boiling point is calculated by using given data

Normal boiling point is the temperature when the external pressure is 760mmHg.

Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity - AP Edition, Chapter 11, Problem 22PS P1=13.6mmHg,P2=760mmHgT1=25°C=298K,T2=?ΔvapH0=38.51kJ/mol

Substituting the values

  ln76013.6=38.51kJ/mol0.008314kJ/K.mol1T21298K4.023=4631.9461T21298K1T2=2.4865×103T2=402.07K

The boiling point of octane is calculated is402.07K.

Conclusion

The molar enthalpy of vaporization and boiling point of octane was determined.

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Chapter 11 Solutions

Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity - AP Edition

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