Biological Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321743671
Author: Scott Freeman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 1TYK
What is a fiber composite? How do cellular fiber composites resemble reinforced concrete?
Expert Solution & Answer
Summary Introduction
To review:
The term “Fiber composites” and resemblance of cellular fiber composites with reinforced concrete.
Introduction:
A fiber composite is made up of cross-linked filaments that can withstand compression and tension. A steel rod in reinforced concrete resembles the fibers of plants (cellulose) and animals (collagen) functionally. This property is provided by the proteoglycans and gelatinous polysaccharides in animals and plants, respectively.
Explanation of Solution
Apart from the cell membrane, the plant and animal cells are also surrounded by another layer (cell wall in plants) that provides strength and shape to the cell. This layer is made up of cross-linked filaments, fiber composites, embedded in a ground material. This layer performs an almost similar function in all the organisms, irrespective of the substance or material.
These structures resemble reinforced concrete. Like the rods in concrete, these structures can withstand stretching and tension force. The ground substance in which the fiber composites are embedded is capable of facing compression forces.
This property of these fibers provides strength and protection to the cell. In the plants, majority of the cell wall is made up of carbohydrates. On the other hand, proteins make up the major portion of the fiber composites in animals, which is known as extracellular matrix (ECM).
Conclusion
The fiber composite provides strength and rigidity to the cell by providing the ability to withstand tension.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Biological Science
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