Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960961
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 11, Problem 1P
To determine
The speed of the surface at the neutron star's equator as a fraction of the
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The Schwarzschild radius RBH for an object of mass M is defined as
(See image.)
where c is the speed of light and G is the universal gravitational constant. RBH gives the radius of the event horizon of a black hole with mass M. In other words, it gives the radius to which some amount of mass M would need to be compressed in order to form a black hole.
1. The mass of the Sun is about 1.99 × 1030 kg. What would be the radius of a black hole with this mass?
2. The mass of Mars is about 6.42 × 1023 kg. What would be the radius of a black hole with this mass?
3. Suppose you want to make a black hole that is roughly the size of an atom (take RBH = 1.10 x 10-10 m). What would be the mass M of such a black hole?
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Plaskett's binary (also known as HD 47129) in the constellation Monoceros is a star system of two blue giant stars. The orbital speed of both stars has been found to be 250km/s and the period is 14.4days. Assuming that both stars are of equal mass, determine the mass of each star. (Optional problem. Hint: use your intuition about the orbits of these stars.)
Chapter 11 Solutions
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 11 - Prob. 1RQCh. 11 - Prob. 2RQCh. 11 - Prob. 3RQCh. 11 - Prob. 4RQCh. 11 - Prob. 5RQCh. 11 - Prob. 6RQCh. 11 - Prob. 7RQCh. 11 - Prob. 8RQCh. 11 - Prob. 9RQCh. 11 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11RQCh. 11 - If the Sun has a Schwarzschild radius, why isn’t...Ch. 11 - Prob. 13RQCh. 11 - Prob. 14RQCh. 11 - Prob. 15RQCh. 11 - Prob. 16RQCh. 11 - Prob. 17RQCh. 11 - Prob. 18RQCh. 11 - Prob. 1DQCh. 11 - Prob. 2DQCh. 11 - Prob. 1PCh. 11 - Prob. 2PCh. 11 - Prob. 3PCh. 11 - Prob. 4PCh. 11 - Prob. 5PCh. 11 - Prob. 6PCh. 11 - Prob. 7PCh. 11 - Prob. 8PCh. 11 - Prob. 9PCh. 11 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 11 - Prob. 2LTL
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- Since 1995, hundreds of extrasolar planets have been discovered. There is the exciting possibility that there is life on one or more of these planets. To support life similar to that on the Earth, the planet must have liquid water. For an Earth-like planet orbiting a star like the Sun, this requirement means that the planet must be within a habitable zone of 0.9 AU to 1.4 AU from the star. The semimajor axis of an extrasolar planet is inferred from its period. What range in periods corresponds to the habitable zone for an Earth-like Planet orbiting a Sun-like star?arrow_forwardA massive black hole is believed to exist at the center of our galaxy (and most other spiral galaxies). Since the 1990s, astronomers have been tracking the motions of several dozen stars in rapid motion around the center. Their motions give a clue to the size of this black hole. a. One of these stars is believed to be in an approximately circular orbit with a radius of about 1.50 103 AU and a period of approximately 30 yr. Use these numbers to determine the mass of the black hole around which this star is orbiting, b. What is the speed of this star, and how does it compare with the speed of the Earth in its orbit? How does it compare with the speed of light?arrow_forwardQuestion 3 a. In 2004 astronomers reported the discovery of a large Jupiter-sized planet orbiting in circular path very close to the star HD 179949. The orbit was 6.4×10° km, and it takes the planet only 3.09 days to make one orbit. (a) What is the mass of star? (b) How fast is this planet moving? Explain your calculations.arrow_forward
- A planet of mass ?=5.45×10^24 kg is orbiting in a circular path a star of mass ?=4.45×10^29 k . The radius of the orbit is ?=8.35×107^7km. What is the orbital period (in Earth days) of the planet ?planet?arrow_forwardCalculate the magnitude of the gravitational attråct between the particle and Neptune to three significant figures. rauneliotw.actbarw en the pane ard ficant figureS Note: Your answer is assumed to be reduced to the highest power possible. Your Answer: x10arrow_forwardA typical neutron star may have a mass equal to that of the Sun but a radius of only 14 km. (a) What is the gravitational acceleration at the surface of such a star? (Enter the magnitude.) m/s2 (b) How fast would an object be moving if it fell from rest through a distance of 1.9 m on such a star? (Assume the star does not rotate.) m/sarrow_forward
- Suppose a lump of ionized matter orbits a black hole with a period of 5.70 ms and an orbital radius of 190 km. What is the mass of the black hole? The mass of the sun is M, 1.99 x 1030 kg. (Give your answer in terms of the solar mass.) s 0.0644arrow_forwardThe distance between two stars of masses 3M² and 6M, is 9R. Here R is the mean distance between the centers of the Earth and the Sun, and Mã is the mass of the Sun. The two stars orbit around their common center of mass in circular orbits with period nT, where T is the period of Earth's revolution around the Sun. The value of n isarrow_forwardPlaskett's binary system consists of two stars that revolve In a circular orbit about a center of mass midway between them. This statement implies that the masses of the two stars are equal (see figure below). Assume the orbital speed of each star is |v | = 240 km/s and the orbital period of each is 12.5 days. Find the mass M of each star. (For comparison, the mass of our Sun is 1.99 times 1030 kg Your answer cannot be understood or graded. More Information solar massesarrow_forward
- The Small Magellanic Cloud is a dwarf galay orbiting the Milky Way at a distance of 50 kiloparsecs from its center, on a circular orbit. It is moving at a velocity. rolative to the Milky Way, of 207 km/s. What is the mass of the Milky Way, in units of solar masses, inside the Cloud's orbit? B !! 245 If'a quasar emits 10^(10) times the Sun's luminosity, converting 10% of the mass of the material it eats into radiation, how many stars (ach of the Sun's mans) must it consume per year?arrow_forwardWhen a falling meteoroid is at a distance above the Earth's surface of 2.60 times the Earth's radius, what is its acceleration due to the Earth's gravitation?(Note that 2.60 * RE is the distance above the Earth surface. What is the distance from the center of the Earth? m/s2 towards earth)arrow_forwardA star near the visible edge of a galaxy travels in a uniform circular orbit. It is 43,500 ly (light-years) from the galactic center and has a speed of 275 km/s. a.)Estimate the total mass of the galaxy based on the motion of the star. Gravitational constant is 6.674×10−11m3/(kg·s2) and mass of the Sun Ms=1.99 × 1030 kg. b.)The total visible mass (i.e., matter we can detect via electromagnetic radiation) of the galaxy is 1011 solar masses. What fraction of the total mass of the galaxy is visible, according to this estimate?arrow_forward
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