Principles of Human Physiology (6th Edition)
Principles of Human Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134169804
Author: Cindy L. Stanfield
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 1E
Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The autonomic nervous system or ANS is the part of the nervous system, which controls the unconscious body functions. The autonomic nervous system as two main divisions, sympathetic and parasympathetic.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 1E

The correct answer is option (c).

Explanation of Solution

Explanation for the correct answer:

Option (c) respiratory muscles. The respiratory muscles are not under the control of the ANS. It is controlled by central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Hence, the correct answer is option (c).

Explanation for the incorrect answer:

Option (a) heart muscles. The heart muscles are under complete involuntary control, so, the heart muscle contraction is controlled by ANS. Hence, it is an incorrect answer.

Option (b) smooth muscle in the pupil of the eye. The dilation of the pupil is under the influence of the radial muscles of iris, which is under parasympathetic control. Hence, it is an incorrect answer.

Option (d) Sweat glands. The process of sweating is under complete involuntary control, so, the secretion from sweat gland is controlled by ANS. Hence, it is an incorrect answer.

Option (e) Salivary glands. The process of salivation is triggered by the food in the mouth and it is under complete involuntary control, so, the secretion from the salivary gland is controlled by ANS.

Conclusion

Respiratory muscles are controlled by the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. Hence, the correct answer is option (c).

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