Chapter 11, Problem 11.22P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The plausible mechanism for given reaction has to be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Ring-opening of epoxide: The epoxide ring is highly strain and readily undergoes reaction with strong nucleophile result in the ring-opening reaction.

Acid-catalyzed ring-opening of epoxide: The epoxide ring is protonated and the nucleophile attack depends on the electronic or steric effect (nature of epoxide).

Crown ethers are cyclical chemical compounds that consist of a ring containing a number of ether groups. The resultant cations often variety salts that are soluble in nonpolar solvents, and for this reason crown ethers are helpful in phase transfer catalysis.